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Effects of deficit irrigation and organic fertilizer on yield, saponin and disease incidence in Panax notoginseng under shaded conditions

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  • Li, Jie
  • Yang, Qiliang
  • Shi, Zhengtao
  • Zang, Zhennan
  • Liu, Xiaogang

Abstract

Panax notoginseng (Burk) F. H. Chen, called Sanqi, is a valuable herbal plant and is widely used in Chinese medicine. However, the yield and saponin content cannot be guaranteed due to irrational irrigation and fertilizer management in low-latitude regions in southwestern China. To obtain suitable irrigation and organic fertilizer modes for improving the yield and saponin content of the plant, a shelter experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement of treatments with three replications. Three irrigation regimes, DL, DM and DS (irrigation upper/lower limit: 65–50% θf, 50–35% θf, and 35–20% θf, respectively, where θf is the field capacity), three organic fertilizer levels, FL, FM and FH (33, 48 and 63 t ha−1, respectively), and a control group, CK (65–50% θf and 3 t ha−1), were applied in the two-year and eight-month growth cycles. With the paired comparison design, the results indicated that the flower dry yield, root dry yield and Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) were significantly affected by different water deficit irrigation and organic fertilizer treatments, and they first increased and then decreased with increased water deficit or organic fertilizer. Compared with DLFH, DMFM reduced water use by 42.39% and fertilizer use by 23.81%, and the flower dry yield, root dry yield, PNS, water use efficiency and partial factor productivity of fertilizer increased by 19.67%, 22.52%, 54.33%, 149.72% and 91.83%, respectively. Under the DMFM treatment, the dry root yield and saponin content for 3-year-old P. notoginseng were 3039.19 kg ha−1 and 10.85%, respectively, which were higher than those resulting from other treatments. Additionally, the PNS resulting from DMFM exhibited the highest comprehensive score and comprehensive index based on principal component analysis and the TOPSIS model. This combination could create a higher yield of flowers and roots, provide a scientific management for planting, and improve the economic benefits for planters and the local government.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Jie & Yang, Qiliang & Shi, Zhengtao & Zang, Zhennan & Liu, Xiaogang, 2021. "Effects of deficit irrigation and organic fertilizer on yield, saponin and disease incidence in Panax notoginseng under shaded conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:256:y:2021:i:c:s0378377421003218
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2021.107056
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhao, Zhiyuan & Zheng, Wei & Ma, Yanting & Wang, Xianling & Li, Ziyan & Zhai, Bingnian & Wang, Zhaohui, 2020. "Responses of soil water, nitrate and yield of apple orchard to integrated soil management in Loess Plateau, China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
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    3. Rong He & Chaofeng Shao & Rongguang Shi & Zheyu Zhang & Run Zhao, 2020. "Development Trend and Driving Factors of Agricultural Chemical Fertilizer Efficiency in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-14, June.
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    1. Tuo, Yunfei & Wang, Zhaoyi & Zheng, Yang & Shi, Xiaolan & Liu, Xiangning & Ding, Mingjing & Yang, Qiliang, 2023. "Effect of water and fertilizer regulation on the soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, enzyme activity, and saponin content of Panax notoginseng," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    2. Xufeng Li & Juanjuan Ma & Lijian Zheng & Jinping Chen & Xihuan Sun & Xianghong Guo, 2022. "Optimization of the Regulated Deficit Irrigation Strategy for Greenhouse Tomato Based on the Fuzzy Borda Model," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-16, February.
    3. Zang, Zhennan & Liang, Jiaping & Yang, Qiliang & Zhou, Ningshan & Li, Na & Liu, Xiaogang & Liu, Yanwei & Tan, Shuai & Chen, Shaomin & Tang, Zhenya, 2022. "An adaptive abiotic stresses strategy to improve water use efficiency, quality, and economic benefits of Panax notoginseng: Deficit irrigation combined with sodium chloride," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    4. Wang, Zeyi & Zhang, Hengjia & Wang, Yingying & Wang, Yong & Lei, Lian & Liang, Chao & Wang, Yucai, 2023. "Deficit irrigation decision-making of indigowoad root based on a model coupling fuzzy theory and grey relational analysis," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).

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