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Negative rates and the transmission of monetary policy

Author

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  • Boucinha, Miguel
  • Burlon, Lorenzo
  • Kapp, Daniel

Abstract

This article explains how negative rates are transmitted via banks and financial markets, both via standard transmission channels and via channels specific to negative interest rates. The latter can enhance the stimulus, but may also hinder it, in particular in the case of protracted periods of negative rates. Euro area bank profitability has been persistently low since the financial crisis, and this has the potential to impair bank lending. At the same time, profits have increased since 2014 and the impact of negative interest rates is assessed as broadly neutral so far, as the negative contribution to net interest income has been offset by the positive impact on borrower creditworthiness. Finally, the article reports empirical evidence – drawn from a range of studies – on how negative rates affect the broader economy, starting with bank portfolio allocation decisions, lending volumes and lending rates. The article then elaborates on the impact of the negative rate policy on key macroeconomic aggregates, notably economic activity and inflation. JEL Classification: E42, E52, G21

Suggested Citation

  • Boucinha, Miguel & Burlon, Lorenzo & Kapp, Daniel, 2020. "Negative rates and the transmission of monetary policy," Economic Bulletin Articles, European Central Bank, vol. 3.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecb:ecbart:2020:0003:2
    Note: 2808899
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Wang, Ke & Wang, Yi-Wei & Wang, Quan-Jing, 2022. "Will monetary policy affect energy security? Evidence from Asian countries," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    2. Boucinha, Miguel & Burlon, Lorenzo & Corsi, Marco & della Valle, Guido & Eisenschmidt, Jens & Pool, Sebastiaan & Schumacher, Julian & Vergote, Olivier & Marmara, Iwona, 2022. "Two-tier system for remunerating excess reserve holdings," Occasional Paper Series 302, European Central Bank.
    3. Paolo Fegatelli, 2021. "The one trillion euro digital currency: How to issue a digital euro without threatening monetary policy transmission and financial stability?," BCL working papers 155, Central Bank of Luxembourg.
    4. Altunbas, Yener & Avignone, Giuseppe & Kok, Christoffer & Pancaro, Cosimo, 2023. "Euro area banks’ market power, lending channel and stability: the effects of negative policy rates," Working Paper Series 2790, European Central Bank.
    5. Altavilla, Carlo & Lemke, Wolfgang & Linzert, Tobias & Tapking, Jens & von Landesberger, Julian, 2021. "Assessing the efficacy, efficiency and potential side effects of the ECB’s monetary policy instruments since 2014," Occasional Paper Series 278, European Central Bank.
    6. Simona Malovana & Josef Bajzik & Dominika Ehrenbergerova & Jan Janku, 2020. "A Prolonged Period of Low Interest Rates: Unintended Consequences," Research and Policy Notes 2020/02, Czech National Bank.
    7. Marie Finnegan & Supriya Kapoor, 2023. "ECB unconventional monetary policy and SME access to finance," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(3), pages 1253-1288, October.
    8. Benigno Pierpaolo & Canofari Paolo & Di Bartolomeo Giovanni & Messori Marcello, 2020. "The ECB’s Asset Purchase Programme: Theory, effects, and risks," wp.comunite 00147, Department of Communication, University of Teramo.
    9. Joscha Beckmann & Klaus-Jürgen Gern & Nils Jannsen, 2022. "Should they stay or should they go? Negative interest rate policies under review," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 19(4), pages 885-912, October.
    10. Grahame Johnson & Sharon Kozicki & Romanos Priftis & Lena Suchanek & Jonathan Witmer & Jing Yang, 2020. "Implementation and Effectiveness of Extended Monetary Policy Tools: Lessons from the Literature," Discussion Papers 2020-16, Bank of Canada.
    11. policy, Work stream on macroprudential & Policy, Monetary & Stability, Financial & Albertazzi, Ugo & Martin, Alberto & Assouan, Emmanuelle & Tristani, Oreste & Galati, Gabriele & Vlassopoulos, Thomas , 2023. "The role of financial stability considerations in monetary policy and the interaction with macroprudential policy in the euro area," Occasional Paper Series 272, European Central Bank.
    12. Xin, Baogui & Jiang, Kai, 2023. "Central bank digital currency and the effectiveness of negative interest rate policy: A DSGE analysis," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    13. Fegatelli, Paolo, 2022. "A central bank digital currency in a heterogeneous monetary union: Managing the effects on the bank lending channel," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    14. policy, Work stream on macroprudential & Albertazzi, Ugo & Martin, Alberto & Assouan, Emmanuelle & Tristani, Oreste & Galati, Gabriele & Vlassopoulos, Thomas, 2021. "The role of financial stability considerations in monetary policy and the interaction with macroprudential policy in the euro area," Occasional Paper Series 272, European Central Bank.
    15. Mmakganya Mashoene & Mishelle Doorasamy & Rajendra Rajaram, 2021. "The application of different term-structure models to estimate South African real spot rate curve," International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies, Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 10(3), pages 21-36, July.
    16. Zolea, Riccardo, 2022. "A Model of the Relationship between the Interest Rate and the Profit Rate," Centro Sraffa Working Papers CSWP55, Centro di Ricerche e Documentazione "Piero Sraffa".
    17. Stefan Schiman & Atanas Pekanov, 2020. "Uncertainty in the Euro Area During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 66708, April.
    18. Drudi, Francesco & Moench, Emanuel & Holthausen, Cornelia & Weber, Pierre-François & Ferrucci, Gianluigi & Setzer, Ralph & Adao, Bernardino & Dées, Stéphane & Alogoskoufis, Spyros & Téllez, Mar Delgad, 2021. "Climate change and monetary policy in the euro area," Occasional Paper Series 271, European Central Bank.
    19. Milan Šimáček, 2021. "Transmise měnové politiky a spodní efektivní hranice měnověpolitické úrokové sazby [Monetary Policy Transmission and Effective Lower Limit of Monetary Policy Interest Rates]," Politická ekonomie, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2021(2), pages 227-253.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Bank lending; monetary policy;

    JEL classification:

    • E42 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Monetary Sytsems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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