En este trabajo estudiamos el papel del capital humano como uno de los factores determinantes del crecimiento economico de un pais, para ello consideramos dos variables fundamentales, el nivel educativo alcanzado por la poblacion activa y el gasto en educacion como medida de la calidad de la enseñanza. Se realiza un estudio comparativo, para 118 paises, de ambas variables en el año 90, analizando a su vez los cambios experimentados desde el año 1965. Por ultimo presentamos un modelo econometrico en el que el capital humano, y en concreto la combinacion de las variables nivel educativo de la poblacion y gasto educativo, se considera junto al capital fisico, un factor condicionante del crecimiento economico del conjunto de paises analizados.
In this paper we study the role of human capital as one of the key determinants in the economic growth of a country, in this connection we considered two main variables, the educational level of active population and the expenditure in education as a measure of its quality. A comparative study for 118 countries is made for both variables in year 1990, analysing the changes from 1965. Finally, we present an econometric model in which human capital, specifically a combination of the educational level of population and the educational expenditure, is considered in addition to physical capital, a conditioning factor in the economic growth of every country analysed.
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