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Gibt es Hinweise auf zunehmende Ungleichheit der Alterseinkünfte und zunehmende Altersarmut?: Der Einfluss von Erwerbs- und Familienbiographien auf die Rentenhöhe in Deutschland

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  • Ralf K. Himmelreicher
  • Dina Frommert

Abstract

This article deals with different dimensions of inequality in the life course. It examines retrospectively how individual possibilities to participate in the labour market have developed. An analysis of the individual wages hints at wage inequalities and possible effects of discrimination. Family biographies constitute an additional dimension. It will be examined how these three dimensions act together in determining the individual amounts of public pensions and their inequality in Germany. The empirical analyses are based on the anonymised scientific use file of the so-called "Rentenzugangsstatistik" 2003 which can be obtained by scientists through the "Forschungsdatenzentrum der Rentenversicherung". The findings are supplemented with results from the survey "Alterssicherung in Deutschland 2003". It will be shown that apart from women in Western Germany pensioners today predominantly receive old age incomes above the welfare level ("Grundsicherungsniveau"). However, regarding the recent pension reforms and especially the labour market situation there are also hints that these circumstances will change. Der Beitrag behandelt verschiedene Dimensionen der Ungleichheit im Lebensverlauf. Es wird untersucht, wie sich die Teilhabemöglichkeiten am Arbeitsmarkt in retrospektiver Betrachtung entwickelt haben. Weitere Analysen der jeweiligen Entlohnung geben Hinweise auf die Lohnspreizung und mögliche Diskriminierungseffekte. Eine zusätzliche Dimension bildet die jeweilige Familienphase. Untersucht wird das Zusammenwirken der drei Dimensionen im Hinblick auf die Höhe und Ungleichheit der gesetzlichen Renten. Empirische Basis dieser Analysen ist zum einen das faktisch anonymisierte Scientific Use File der Rentenzugangsstatistik 2003, welches das Forschungsdatenzentrum der Rentenversicherung der Wissenschaft auf Antrag zur Verfügung stellt. Zum anderen werden diese Befunde um Ergebnisse aus der Erhebung Alterssicherung in Deutschland 2003 (ASID 03) ergänzt. Es zeigt sich, dass heutige Rentner - abgesehen von Frauen in den alten Bundesländern - überwiegend Alterseinkünfte jenseits des Grundsicherungsniveaus erhalten. Allerdings finden sich auch Hinweise darauf, dass sich diese Verhältnisse vor dem Hintergrund der jüngsten Rentenreformen und vor allem der Probleme auf dem Arbeitsmarkt ändern werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Ralf K. Himmelreicher & Dina Frommert, 2006. "Gibt es Hinweise auf zunehmende Ungleichheit der Alterseinkünfte und zunehmende Altersarmut?: Der Einfluss von Erwerbs- und Familienbiographien auf die Rentenhöhe in Deutschland," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 75(1), pages 108-130.
    • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:75-1-8
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.75.1.108
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Allmendinger, Jutta, 1994. "Lebensverlauf und Sozialpolitik: die Ungleichheit von Mann und Frau und ihr öffentlicher Ertrag," EconStor Books, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, number 112659.
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    Cited by:

    1. Johannes Geyer & Viktor Steiner, 2011. "Future pensions and changes in earning histories—a microsimulation analysis for Germany," Ekonomia journal, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw, vol. 28.
    2. Ralf K. Himmelreicher & Hans-Martin von Gaudecker & Rembrandt D. Scholz, 2006. "Nutzungsmöglichkeiten von Daten der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung über das Forschungsdatenzentrum der Rentenversicherung (FDZ-RV)," MPIDR Working Papers WP-2006-018, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany.
    3. Johannes Geyer & Viktor Steiner, 2010. "Public Pensions, Changing Employment Patterns, and the Impact of Pension Reforms across Birth Cohorts: A Microsimulation Analysis for Germany," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 984, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    4. Keese, Matthias, 2011. "Thrifty Wives and Lavish Husbands? – Bargaining Power and Financial Dicisions in Germany," Ruhr Economic Papers 258, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    5. repec:zbw:rwirep:0258 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Matthias Keese, 2011. "Thrifty Wives and Lavish Husbands? – Bargaining Power and Financial Dicisions in Germany," Ruhr Economic Papers 0258, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Dortmund, Universität Duisburg-Essen.
    7. Potrafke, Niklas, 2012. "Unemployment, human capital depreciation and pension benefits: an empirical evaluation of German data," Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, Cambridge University Press, vol. 11(2), pages 223-241, April.
    8. Wübbeke, Christina, 2007. "Ältere Bezieher von Arbeitslosengeld II: Einmal arm, immer arm?," IAB-Kurzbericht 200714, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    9. Niklas Potrafke, 2007. "The Timing of Employment Breaks: How Does It Affect Pension Benefits? ; Empirical Evidence from Germany," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 710, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.

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