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The Difference States Make: Democracy, Identity, and the American City

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  • HAYWARD, CLARISSA RILE

Abstract

Most contemporary theorizing that addresses questions of democracy and difference is framed by broadly constructivist claims. Yet when it comes to thinking about democratic state intervention into social relations of difference, political theorists tend to stress reactive strategies, overlooking the role that democratic states play in helping shape and reinforce social definitions of difference. Exploring the case of the construction of racialized difference in the American city, the author makes the case that arguments for tolerating, for recognizing, and for deliberating across extant differences are insufficiently attentive to the role states play in making difference. Institutional efforts to deal with difference democratically should target the points at which it gets produced, aiming not simply to modify the effects of social definitions of identity and difference—but to democratize the processes through which these are defined and redefined.

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  • Hayward, Clarissa Rile, 2003. "The Difference States Make: Democracy, Identity, and the American City," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 97(4), pages 501-514, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:apsrev:v:97:y:2003:i:04:p:501-514_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Yonn Dierwechter, 2013. "Smart Growth and State Territoriality," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 50(11), pages 2275-2292, August.
    2. Meirowitz, Adam, 2004. "In Defense of Exclusionary Deliberation: Communication and Voting with Private Beliefs and Values," Papers 04-06-2004, Princeton University, Research Program in Political Economy.
    3. Coleman, Eric A. & Fleischman, Forrest D., 2012. "Comparing Forest Decentralization and Local Institutional Change in Bolivia, Kenya, Mexico, and Uganda," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 40(4), pages 836-849.

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