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An Individual-Level Multiequation Model of Expenditure Effects in Contested House Elections

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  • Kenny, Christopher
  • McBurnett, Michael

Abstract

We shall address questions concerning the impact of candidate spending in congressional elections in a new way. We develop a multiequation model of congressional vote choice that takes the endogeneity of expenditures into account. We then estimate both this model and the more traditional single-equation model using individual level survey data. The substantial differences we find between the two models indicates that the simultaneity bias present in the single-equation model is not trivial. The challenger and incumbent expenditure terms are each significant (whereas only challenger expenditures are in the single-equation setup) and of much greater magnitude in the multiequation case. In addition, we evaluate hypotheses grounded in persuasive communications theory concerning the type of individuals most affected by the messages emanating from the campaigns. We find that individuals with higher education, those with greater interest in campaigns, and those with strongly held convictions are unaffected by candidate spending, whereas individuals lacking each of these attributes are greatly influenced by campaign expenditures.

Suggested Citation

  • Kenny, Christopher & McBurnett, Michael, 1994. "An Individual-Level Multiequation Model of Expenditure Effects in Contested House Elections," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 88(3), pages 699-707, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:apsrev:v:88:y:1994:i:03:p:699-707_09
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    Cited by:

    1. Beth L. Fossen & David A. Schweidel & Michael Lewis, 2019. "Examining Brand Strength of Political Candidates: a Performance Premium Approach," Customer Needs and Solutions, Springer;Institute for Sustainable Innovation and Growth (iSIG), vol. 6(3), pages 63-75, December.
    2. Hoyong Jung, 2022. "Examining the relationship between political spending and legislative activities," Bulletin of Economic Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 74(2), pages 539-568, April.
    3. Matias Iaryczower & Andrea Mattozzi, 2012. "The pro-competitive effect of campaign limits in non-majoritarian elections," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 49(3), pages 591-619, April.
    4. Nicholas Chad Long, 2019. "The Impact of Incumbent Scandals on Senate Elections, 1972–2016," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-19, April.
    5. Jacobsson, Adam, 2002. "Political Media Contests and Confirmatory Bias," Research Papers in Economics 2002:3, Stockholm University, Department of Economics.

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