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Die Entwicklung von Innovation und Beschäftigung in Österreichs Branchen zwischen 2006 und 2012

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  • Alexander Kaufmann

Abstract

Innovation – die Entwicklung neuer Produkte und Dienstleistungen sowie der Einsatz neuer Technologien – wird als wichtige Strategie zur Sicherung bzw. Steigerung von Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, Wachstum und Wohlstand angesehen. In der Regel wird aufgrund der gesteigerten Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Wirtschaft auch von einem positiven Beschäftigungseffekt von Innovation, insbesondere Produktinnovation, ausgegangen. Vergleicht man die Entwicklung der Innovationsaktivität aus den letzten drei Europäischen Innovationserhebungen (CIS) zwischen 2006 und 2012 in Österreich mit der Beschäftigungsentwicklung in diesem Zeitraum, dann zeigt sich auf Branchenebene ein sehr vielfältiges Bild. Es treten nahezu alle möglichen Kombinationen von Innovationsaktivität und Beschäftigtenentwicklung auf. Im Bereich der Produktinnovationen deutet sich mit diesen Ergebnissen leicht die in der Literatur zumeist vertretene positive Korrelation ab, es finden sich aber auch einige entgegengesetzte Fälle. Bei den Prozessinnovationen lässt sich keine ausgeprägte Tendenz erkennen. Das zeigt, dass verallgemeinernde Behauptungen, dass Produktinnovation beschäftigungsfördernd ist, nicht immer zutreffen. Genausowenig zeigt sich aber eine einheitliche Tendenz zu Beschäftigungsreduktion aufgrund von Prozessinnovationen. Wirklich verlässliche Aussagen wird man aber nur mit genaueren Informationen über Ausmaß und Zielsetzung von Innovationen tätigen können, Informationen, die zur Zeit nicht wirtschaftsweit verfügbar sind. Solche Informationen sind wünschenswert, um mit ihnen auch beschäftigungspolitische Zielsetzungen in die Forschungs-, Technologie- und Innovationspolitik integrieren zu können.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexander Kaufmann, 2015. "Die Entwicklung von Innovation und Beschäftigung in Österreichs Branchen zwischen 2006 und 2012," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 41(3), pages 359-381.
    • Handle: RePEc:clr:wugarc:y:2015v:41i:3p:359
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    References listed on IDEAS

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