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Source capacity during flowering affects grain yield of amaranth (Amaranthus sp.)

Author

Listed:
  • B. Roitner-Schobesberger

    (Division of Agronomy, Department of Crop Sciences, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria)

  • H.-P. Kaul

    (Division of Agronomy, Department of Crop Sciences, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria)

Abstract

Amaranth is a promising C4-crop. However, for a wider spread of the crop a better understanding of factors that are influencing yield formation is crucial for optimizing the plant phenotype and enhancing yield. The present study wanted to clarify the effects of assimilate sources and sinks on yield formation by artificially altering source or sink size. Field experiments were conducted in Eastern Austria during three years with three genotypes, applying source-sink manipulation treatments at mid flowering (control, 50% of inflorescence removed, 50% or 100% of leaves removed). At maturity we measured shoot, inflorescence and grain dry matter, thousand kernel mass and number of seeds per plant. An average grain yield level of about 3.5 t/ha dry matter on control plots indicated favorable growth conditions for amaranth in general. The removal of all leaves had a strong detrimental effect on all parameters, but severity of yield reduction due to defoliation differed between genotypes, ranging from -49% to -73%. Contrastingly, 50% flower reduction did not have any significant effects. Also with 50% defoliation no significant yield reduction was observed. We conclude that source strength of amaranth during flowering is more yield limiting than its sink capacity.

Suggested Citation

  • B. Roitner-Schobesberger & H.-P. Kaul, 2013. "Source capacity during flowering affects grain yield of amaranth (Amaranthus sp.)," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 59(10), pages 472-477.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:59:y:2013:i:10:id:528-2013-pse
    DOI: 10.17221/528/2013-PSE
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. D.M. Gimplinger & G. Dobos & R. Schönlechner & H.-P. Kaul, 2007. "Yield and quality of grain amaranth (Amaranthus sp.) in Eastern Austria," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 53(3), pages 105-112.
    2. M. Oveysi & M.J. Mirhadi & H. Madani & G. Nourmohammadi & R. Zarghami & A. Madani, 2010. "The impact of source restriction on yield formation of corn (Zea mays L.) due to water deficiency," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 56(10), pages 476-481.
    3. X. Liu & S.J. Herbert & A.M. Hashemi & G.V. Litchfield & Q. Zhang & A.R. Barzegar, 2006. "Yield and yield components responses of old and new soybean cultivars to source-sink manipulation under light enrichment," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 52(4), pages 150-158.
    4. A. Madani & A. Shirani-Rad & A. Pazoki & G. Nourmohammadi & R. Zarghami & A. Mokhtassi-Bidgoli, 2010. "The impact of source or sink limitations on yield formation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) due to post-anthesis water and nitrogen deficiencies," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 56(5), pages 218-227.
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