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How Might Opinion Polls be Improved?: The Case for Probability Sampling

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  • Peter Lynn
  • Roger Jowell

Abstract

A classification of sources of error in opinion polling is presented, and related to investigations of observed error in the polls at the time of the 1992 general election. This leads directly to implications for reducing the potential for error in future. It is argued that quota sampling bias, incorporating both selection bias and unit non‐response bias, is a major source of error. The adoption of probability sampling methods is proposed as a way to reduce this bias, and pollsters and their clients are encouraged to experiment with such methods. An example of a practical probability sampling design is described. Other sources of error which have been identified, and for which methodological improvement is suggested, are the treatment of item refusals, the treatment of those who say they ‘don't know’ for whom they will vote and the treatment of respondents' predictions of whether they will vote.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Lynn & Roger Jowell, 1996. "How Might Opinion Polls be Improved?: The Case for Probability Sampling," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 159(1), pages 21-28, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:jorssa:v:159:y:1996:i:1:p:21-28
    DOI: 10.2307/2983465
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    Cited by:

    1. Shyamal Chowdhury & Lyn Squire, 2006. "Setting weights for aggregate indices: An application to the commitment to development index and human development index," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(5), pages 761-771.
    2. Wiśniowski, Arkadiusz & Bijak, Jakub & Forster, Jonathan J. & Smith, Peter W.F., 2019. "Hierarchical model for forecasting the outcomes of binary referenda," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 90-103.
    3. Paap, Richard & van Nierop, Erjen & van Heerde, Harald J. & Wedel, Michel & Franses, Philip Hans & Alsem, Karel Jan, 2005. "Consideration sets, intentions and the inclusion of "don't know" in a two-stage model for voter choice," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 53-71.

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