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Purity and Dirt as Social Constructions: Environmental Health in an Urban Shantytown of Lagos

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  • MARJA JÄRVELÄ
  • EVA‐MARITA RINNE‐KOISTINEN

Abstract

The focus of this article, on everyday life management, emerges from a theoretical discussion about culturally specific attitudes to environmental health. Local perceptions of purity and dirt in an urban shantytown of Lagos, Nigeria, are examined through a case study of the Amukoko urban district. The qualitative data is from two fieldwork phases carried out in 1998 and 2001 in Lagos, consisting of eleven in‐depth interviews, eight focus group discussions and participatory observations among Yoruba women and men. In different communities, perceptions of purity and dirt are not self‐evident in terms of their meaning, but reflect the commonly shared values and moral codes of the community. Our principle interest is in the ways in which household water is construed as pure, particularly in the context of daily routines which reveal how the avoidance of pollution and the order of things are organized in the community. These constructions of purity comply with local perceptions of dirt, sanitation and environmental risks within the wider health care practices prevalent in the mixed and hybrid urban culture of metropolitan Lagos. Results imply that reformulated definitions of sanitation, for example between disposable and non‐disposable elements, are adopted via culturally specific perceptions of purity. Le thème de cet article, sur la gestion du quotidien, est né d’une discussion théorique sur les différentes attitudes culturelles face à l’hygiène de l’environnement. A travers une étude de cas sur le quartier d’Amukoko, sont étudiées les perceptions locales de pureté et saleté dans un bidonville de Lagos. Les données qualitatives émanent de deux phases de terrain réalisées dans la capitale nigériane en 1998 et 2001, comprenant onze entretiens approfondis, huit séances en groupe de discussion et des observations participatives d’hommes et de femmes Yoruba. Dans plusieurs communautés, pureté et saleté ne sont pas des perceptions évidentes en termes de signification, reflétant plutôt des valeurs partagées et des codes moraux communautaires. Le but est ici de comprendre comment l’eau du foyer est jugée pure, notamment dans le cadre des tâches quotidiennes révélatrices de la façon dont les précautions anti‐pollution et l’ordre des choses sont organisés dans la communauté. Ces interprétations de la pureté corroborent les perceptions locales de la saleté, de l’hygiène publique et des risques environnementaux au sein des pratiques sanitaires globales appliquées dans la culture urbaine mixte et hybride de la métropole de Lagos. D’après les résultats, sont adoptées des définitions de l’hygiène publique reformulées via des perceptions de la pureté spécifiques au plan culturel (éléments jetables et non‐jetables, par exemple).

Suggested Citation

  • Marja Järvelä & Eva‐Marita Rinne‐Koistinen, 2005. "Purity and Dirt as Social Constructions: Environmental Health in an Urban Shantytown of Lagos," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(2), pages 375-388, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:29:y:2005:i:2:p:375-388
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2005.00590.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Matthew Gandy, 2006. "Water, Sanitation and the Modern City: Colonial and Post-colonial Experiences in Lagos and Mumbai," Human Development Occasional Papers (1992-2007) HDOCPA-2006-06, Human Development Report Office (HDRO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
    2. Matthew Gandy, 2006. "Planning, Anti-planning and the Infrastructure Crisis Facing Metropolitan Lagos," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 43(2), pages 371-396, February.

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