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Heterogeneity in the Relationship between Happiness and Age: Evidence from the German Socio-Economic Panel

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  • Gregori Baetschmann

Abstract

type="main" xml:id="geer12015-abs-0001"> This paper studies the evolution of life satisfaction over the life course in Germany. It clarifies the causal interpretation of the econometric model by discussing the choice of control variables and the underidentification between age, cohort and time effects. The empirical part analyzes the distribution of life satisfaction over the life course at the aggregated, subgroup and individual level. To the findings: On average, life satisfaction is mildly decreasing up to age 55 followed by a hump shape with a maximum at 70. The analysis at the lower levels suggests that people differ in their life satisfaction trends, whereas the hump shape after age 55 is robust. No important differences between men and women are found. In contrast, education groups differ in their trends: highly educated people become happier over the life cycle, where life satisfaction decreases for less-educated people.

Suggested Citation

  • Gregori Baetschmann, 2014. "Heterogeneity in the Relationship between Happiness and Age: Evidence from the German Socio-Economic Panel," German Economic Review, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 15(3), pages 393-410, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:germec:v:15:y:2014:i:3:p:393-410
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/geer.2014.15.issue-3
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    Cited by:

    1. Rohrer, Julia M. & Brümmer, Martin & Schupp, Jürgen & Wagner, Gert G., 2021. "Worries across time and age in the German Socio-Economic Panel study," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 332-343.
    2. Adrian Chadi, 2019. "Dissatisfied with life or with being interviewed? Happiness and the motivation to participate in a survey," Social Choice and Welfare, Springer;The Society for Social Choice and Welfare, vol. 53(3), pages 519-553, October.
    3. Hermien Dijk & Jochen Mierau, 2023. "Mental health over the life course: Evidence for a U‐shape?," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(1), pages 155-174, January.
    4. Comi Simona Lorena & Cottini Elena & Lucifora Claudio, 2022. "The effect of retirement on social relationships," German Economic Review, De Gruyter, vol. 23(2), pages 275-299, May.
    5. Biermann, Philipp & Bitzer, Jürgen & Gören, Erkan, 2022. "The relationship between age and subjective well-being: Estimating within and between effects simultaneously," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 21(C).
    6. Julia M. Rohrer & Martin Bruemmer & Jürgen Schupp & Gert G. Wagner, 2017. "Worries across Time and Age in Germany: Bringing Together Open- and Close-Ended Questions," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1671, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    7. Gregor Gonza & Anže Burger, 2017. "Subjective Well-Being During the 2008 Economic Crisis: Identification of Mediating and Moderating Factors," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 18(6), pages 1763-1797, December.
    8. Mark Wooden & Ning Li, 2016. "Ageing, Death and Life Satisfaction: Evidence from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey," Australian Economic Review, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, vol. 49(4), pages 474-482, December.
    9. Setareh Ranjbar & Stefan Sperlich, 2020. "A Note on Empirical Studies of Life-Satisfaction: Unhappy with Semiparametrics?," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 21(6), pages 2193-2212, August.
    10. Su, Yu-Sung & Lien, Donald & Yao, Yuling, 2022. "Economic growth and happiness in China: A Bayesian multilevel age-period-cohort analysis based on the CGSS data 2005–2015," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 191-205.
    11. Bauer,Jan Michael & Levin,Victoria & Munoz Boudet,Ana Maria & Nie,Peng & Sousa-Poza,Alfonso, 2015. "Subjective well-being across the lifespan in Europe and Central Asia," Policy Research Working Paper Series 7378, The World Bank.
    12. Juergen Bitzer & Erkan Goeren & Heinz Welsch, 2023. "How the Well-Being Function Varies with Age: The Importance ofIncome, Health, and Social Relations over the Life Cycle," Working Papers V-442-23, University of Oldenburg, Department of Economics, revised Jul 2023.
    13. Janina Nemitz, 2022. "Increasing longevity and life satisfaction: is there a catch to living longer?," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 35(2), pages 557-589, April.

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