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Are credit ratings procyclical? A study of French banks’ capital requirements during the Covid crisis
[Les notations de crédit sont-elles procycliques ? Étude des exigences de fonds propres des banques françaises durant la crise Covid]

Author

Listed:
  • Lecomte Ernest
  • Torres Clément

Abstract

Credit ratings represent a point of reference for the banking and insurance regulatory framework. Although the literature appears to conclude that credit ratings are procyclical, that procyclicality is nevertheless limited in comparison with alternative methods of assessing credit risk (credit spreads, credit default swaps). An empirical analysis of the sensitivity of the six largest French banks’ capital requirements to changes in the credit ratings of their corporate portfolios suggests that the spate of rating downgrades during 2020 did not lead to a significant increase in average risk weights and risk weighted assets. The impact of external rating downgrades on risk weights was cushioned by the overwhelming use of internal rating models by large French banks, the marked prevalence of unrated exposures (weighted by default at 100%), and state guaranteed loans. Les notations de crédit sont un point de référence dans le cadre réglementaire bancaire et assurantiel. Bien que la littérature semble conclure au caractère procyclique des notations de crédit, cette procyclicité reste néanmoins limitée au regard des méthodes alternatives d’évaluation du risque de crédit (écart de taux, couvertures de défaillance). Une analyse empirique de la sensibilité des exigences de fonds propres des six plus grandes banques françaises à l’évolution des notations de crédit de leurs portefeuilles entreprises suggère que la vague de dégradation de notations courant 2020 ne s’est pas matérialisée par une hausse sensible des pondérations moyennes et des actifs pondérés des risques. La prépondérance du recours aux modèles de notations internes par les grandes banques françaises, la forte prévalence des expositions non notées, pondérées par défaut à 100 %, et les prêts garantis par l’État ont contribué à atténuer l’impact des dégradations de notations externes sur les pondérations en risque.

Suggested Citation

  • Lecomte Ernest & Torres Clément, 2023. "Are credit ratings procyclical? A study of French banks’ capital requirements during the Covid crisis [Les notations de crédit sont-elles procycliques ? Étude des exigences de fonds propres des ban," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 245.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2023:245:01
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