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Debt-for-nature swaps: a two-fold solution for environmental and debt sustainability in developing countries?
[Échanges dette nature : une double solution pour la soutenabilité environnementale et la dette des pays en développement ?]

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Listed:
  • Quentin Paul
  • Romain Svartzman
  • Pierre-François Weber

Abstract

Environmental degradation (such as climate change and biodiversity loss) and the increasing difficulty of many low- and middle-income countries to repay their public debt are now widely recognised as two sources of risk to the stability of the international financial system (of which central banks are the guarantors). Many recent proposals aim at addressing both problems jointly through so-called “debt-for-nature swaps”, whereby a country’s debt is reduced in return for a commitment to spend a share of the reduction on environmental protection. Debt-for-nature swaps can indeed improve environmental sustainability and lower public debt and thus contribute to the stability of the international financial system. However, their implementation poses many technical, financial and governance-related challenges. They could thus be accompanied by adverse effects that need to be analysed in detail. Les dégradations environnementales (à l’instar du changement climatique et de la perte de biodiversité), ainsi que la difficulté croissante de nombreux pays à revenu faible et intermédiaire à rembourser leur dette publique constituent deux sources de risques désormais largement reconnues pour la stabilité du système financier international (dont sont garantes les banques centrales). De nombreuses propositions récentes visent à traiter conjointement ces deux problèmes par des échanges dits « dette contre nature », consistant à réduire la dette d’un État contre son engagement à dépenser une fraction de la réduction consentie pour protéger l’environnement. Les échanges dette nature peuvent en effet améliorer la soutenabilité environnementale et l’endettement public et contribuer ainsi à la stabilité du système financier international. Toutefois, leur mise en place s’accompagne de nombreux défis techniques, financiers et de gouvernance. Ils pourraient alors s’accompagner d’effets indésirables qu’il convient d’analyser précisément.

Suggested Citation

  • Quentin Paul & Romain Svartzman & Pierre-François Weber, 2023. "Debt-for-nature swaps: a two-fold solution for environmental and debt sustainability in developing countries? [Échanges dette nature : une double solution pour la soutenabilité environnementale et ," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 244.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2023:244:02
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Olivier R de Bandt & Luc Jacolin & Thibault Lemaire, 2021. "Climate Change in Developing Countries: Global Warming Effects, Transmission Channels and Adaptation Policies," Working Papers hal-03948704, HAL.
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    Cited by:

    1. Grieco Fabio & de La Guéronnière Henri & Marsilli Clément & Paul Quentin & Rivaud Sophie, 2023. "Financing the climate and ecological transition in emerging economies [Financer la transition climatique et écologique dans les économies émergentes]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 245.

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