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La stratégie de collatéral de politique monétaire à l’épreuve de la crise Covid 19
[How did the Eurosystem’s collateral strategy adapt to the Covid-19 crisis?]

Author

Listed:
  • Béatrice Brueckner
  • Pauline Lez
  • Benoît Nguyen

Abstract

A central bank’s collateral policy consists in defining the eligibility criteria of the assets that banks pledge as collateral for their credit operations. Holding sufficient eligible collateral is therefore essential for the banking sector to ensure its refinancing. In response to the Covid-19 crisis, the Eurosystem temporarily eased its collateral rules to facilitate access to its targeted refinancing operations. These measures will be phased out from summer 2022. Overall, these measures have not led to a significant deterioration in the quality of assets pledged at the central bank. By matching data on the banking sector’s securities and loan portfolios with Eurosystem collateral data, it is possible to estimate that the banking sector has, overall, room for manoeuvre in terms of available collateral, and to study the factors underlying the decision by banks to pledge collateral with the central bank. La politique de collatéral consiste, pour la banque centrale, à définir les conditions d’éligibilité des actifs déposés en garantie par les banques en contrepartie de ses opérations de crédit. Détenir suffisamment de collatéral éligible est donc essentiel au refinancement du secteur bancaire. Pour faire face à la crise de la Covid 19, l’Eurosystème a assoupli temporairement ses règles de collatéral pour faciliter l’accès à ses opérations de refinancement ciblées. Ces mesures seront progressivement retirées à partir de l’été 2022. En agrégé, ces dernières n’ont pas entraîné une dégradation notable de la qualité des actifs déposés à la banque centrale. L’appariement des données de portefeuilles de titres et de crédits du secteur bancaire et leur utilisation en tant que collatéral auprès de l’Eurosystème permet d’estimer que le secteur bancaire dispose, globalement, de marges de manœuvre en matière de collatéral disponible, et d’étudier les déterminants du choix de mobilisation du collatéral.

Suggested Citation

  • Béatrice Brueckner & Pauline Lez & Benoît Nguyen, 2022. "La stratégie de collatéral de politique monétaire à l’épreuve de la crise Covid 19 [How did the Eurosystem’s collateral strategy adapt to the Covid-19 crisis?]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 241.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2022:241:02
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