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European unemployment insurance and macroeconomic stabilisation: are permanent fiscal transfers between States needed?
[La stabilisation macroéconomique par une assurance chômage européenne implique-t-elle des transferts permanents entre États ?]

Author

Listed:
  • Jean-Baptiste Gossé
  • Camille Jehle
  • Yann Perdereau
  • Roger Vicquéry

Abstract

The creation of a European unemployment insurance scheme is often cited as an important step towards macroeconomic smoothing within the euro area and deepening of European integration. Depending on the features envisaged, such a mechanism could be effective without necessarily involving permanent fiscal transfers between euro area Member States. This Bulletin measures the potential effects of setting up a European unemployment insurance fund of EUR 10 billion per year on average (i.e. the equivalent of one SURE plan per decade), designed as an addition to national unemployment insurance schemes without replacing them. In their central scenario, the authors simulate a European unemployment insurance system without permanent transfers between States, but with a temporary common borrowing capacity. Such a system could have meaningfully mitigated the shocks of 2009 and 2013, by smoothing out consumption and GDP, while also improving the synchronisation of European cycles and reducing national debt burdens. La création d’un système d’assurance chômage européen est souvent évoquée comme un facteur de lissage macroéconomique et d’approfondissement de l’intégration européenne. Selon les caractéristiques envisagées, ce système pourrait s’avérer efficace sans nécessairement impliquer de transferts permanents. Ce Bulletin mesure les effets potentiels de la mise en place d’un fonds d’assurance chômage européen de 10 milliards d’euros par an en moyenne (soit l’équivalent d’un plan SURE par décennie) venant s’ajouter aux systèmes nationaux sans s’y substituer. Les auteurs simulent dans leur scénario central un système d’assurance chômage complémentaire européen sans transferts permanents entre États, mais doté d’une capacité d’endettement commune temporaire. Un tel système aurait pu atténuer les chocs de 2009 et 2013, en lissant dans le temps la consommation et le PIB tout en améliorant la synchronisation des cycles européens et en allégeant la charge de la dette nationale.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Baptiste Gossé & Camille Jehle & Yann Perdereau & Roger Vicquéry, 2022. "European unemployment insurance and macroeconomic stabilisation: are permanent fiscal transfers between States needed? [La stabilisation macroéconomique par une assurance chômage européenne impliqu," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 240.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2022:240:03
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Moyen, Stéphane & Stähler, Nikolai & Winkler, Fabian, 2019. "Optimal unemployment insurance and international risk sharing," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 144-171.
    2. Grégory Claeys & Zsolt Darvas & Guntram B. Wolff, 2014. "Benefits and drawbacks of European Unemployment Insurance," Policy Briefs 847, Bruegel.
    3. Afonso, António & Furceri, Davide, 2007. "Business cycle synchronization and insurance mechanisms in the EU," Working Paper Series 844, European Central Bank.
    4. Ferdinand Fichtner & Peter Haan, 2014. "European Unemployment Insurance: Economic Stability without Major Redistribution of Household Incomes," DIW Economic Bulletin, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 4(10), pages 39-50.
    5. Mathias Dolls & Clemens Fuest & Dirk Neumann & Andreas Peichl, 2018. "An unemployment insurance scheme for the euro area? A comparison of different alternatives using microdata," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 25(1), pages 273-309, February.
    6. Florin Bilbiie & Tommaso Monacelli & Roberto Perotti, 2021. "Fiscal Policy in Europe: Controversies over Rules, Mutual Insurance, and Centralization," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 35(2), pages 77-100, Spring.
    7. Beblav�, Miroslav & Lenaerts, Karolien, 2017. "Feasibility and Added Value of a European Unemployment Benefits Scheme," CEPS Papers 12230, Centre for European Policy Studies.
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