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In 2020, the support measures cushioned the impact of the drop in activity for SMEs
[En 2020, les mesures de soutien modèrent l’impact de la baisse d’activité des PME]

Author

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  • Maïté Graignon
  • Abel Mérébier

Abstract

In 2020, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) posted a 3.7% decline in turnover. Their value added fell more sharply (by 4.2%) due to the slowdown in output, contrasting with 2009 when the 5.4% drop in SME turnover led only to a 3.7% fall in value added. Thanks to an adjustment in their spending and the unprecedented scale of the support measures, SMEs’ profit margin rate contracted by just 0.3 percentage point. The public health restrictions affected SMEs to differing extents, even within the same sector. Equipment goods retailers even saw their turnover rise in 2020. SMEs’ economic and financial profitability declined markedly, and their financial structure deteriorated due to a rise in gross debt. The provision of stateguaranteed loans helped to make up for the loss of operating cash flow, and allowed firms to build up some precautionary savings. En 2020, le chiffre d’affaires des petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) baisse de 3,7 %. La diminution de la valeur ajoutée est plus marquée (– 4,2 %) du fait du ralentissement de la production, contrairement à 2009 lorsque la baisse du chiffre d’affaires de 5,4 % n’avait entraîné qu’une baisse de 3,7 % de la valeur ajoutée. Grâce à l’ajustement de leurs dépenses et aux mesures de soutien sans précédent, le taux de marge des PME ne s’est contracté que de 0,3 point. Les restrictions sanitaires affectent de façon inégale les PME, y compris dans un même secteur. Le chiffre d’affaires des commerces de biens d’équipement a même progressé en 2020. Les rentabilités économique et financière diminuent sensiblement et la structure financière se dégrade en raison de la hausse de l’endettement brut. Le recours aux prêts garantis par l’État (PGE) compense les pertes de trésorerie d’exploitation et permet la constitution d’une épargne de précaution.

Suggested Citation

  • Maïté Graignon & Abel Mérébier, 2021. "In 2020, the support measures cushioned the impact of the drop in activity for SMEs [En 2020, les mesures de soutien modèrent l’impact de la baisse d’activité des PME]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 237.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2021:237:03
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