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What explains the persistent weakness of euro area inflation since 2013?
[Comment expliquer la faiblesse de l’inflation en zone euro depuis 2013 ?]

Author

Listed:
  • Diev Pavel,
  • Kalantzis Yannick,
  • Lalliard Antoine,
  • Mogliani Matteo

Abstract

Annual inflation in the euro area, as measured by the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), fell by an average of 1.1 percentage points between the period 1999 2007, which preceded the financial crisis, and the period 2013 19 which followed it. In this bulletin, the authors evaluate the contributions to this decline of two standard determinants of inflation: economic slack and the trend in commodity prices, especially oil prices. To do so, they use an augmented Phillips curve that incorporates these determinants as well as the impact of the non standard monetary policy measures implemented since 2014. The authors show that the bulk of the decline in inflation can be explained by the disinflationary nature of the two determinants since 2013. Their average contribution to the decline is at least 1 percentage point, of which 0.25 percentage point is offset by the non standard monetary policy measures. The unexplained part of the average decline in inflation is at most 0.3 percentage point. L’inflation annuelle en zone euro, mesurée par l’indice des prix à la consommation harmonisé (IPCH), a baissé de 1,1 point en moyenne entre la période 1999-2007, qui a précédé la crise financière, et la période 2013-2019, qui l’a suivie. Les auteurs évaluent les contributions à cette baisse de l’inflation de deux déterminants traditionnels : l’état de la conjoncture économique et la dynamique des prix des matières premières, notamment le pétrole. Ils utilisent pour cela une courbe de Phillips étendue qui prend en compte ces déterminants ainsi que l’impact des mesures de politique monétaire non conventionnelles mises en œuvre depuis 2014. Ils montrent que le caractère désinflationniste depuis 2013 de ces deux déterminants explique l’essentiel de la baisse de l’inflation. Leur contribution moyenne à cette baisse est d’au moins 1 point, compensée à hauteur d’un quart de point par les mesures de politique monétaire non conventionnelles. La part inexpliquée de la baisse moyenne de l’inflation est au plus de 0,3 point.

Suggested Citation

  • Diev Pavel, & Kalantzis Yannick, & Lalliard Antoine, & Mogliani Matteo, 2021. "What explains the persistent weakness of euro area inflation since 2013? [Comment expliquer la faiblesse de l’inflation en zone euro depuis 2013 ?]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 234.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2021:234:07
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    Cited by:

    1. Olivier De Bandt & Juan Carluccio, 2022. "How globalisation affects inflation [La mondialisation et ses répercussions sur l’inflation]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 240.

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