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Racial residential segregation and rates of gonorrhea in the United States, 2003-2007

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  • Biello, K.B.
  • Kershaw, T.
  • Nelson, R.
  • Hogben, M.
  • Ickovics, J.
  • Niccolai, L.

Abstract

Objectives. In the United States, Black persons are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including gonorrhea. Individual behaviors do not fully explain these racial disparities. We explored the association of racial residential segregation with gonorrhea rates among Black persons and hypothesized that specific dimensions of segregation would be associated with gonorrhea rates. Methods. We used 2003 to 2007 national STI surveillance data and 2000 US Census Bureau data to examine associations of 5 dimensions of racial residential segregation and a composite measure of hypersegregation with gonorrhea rates among Black persons in 257 metropolitan statistical areas, overall and by sex and age. We calculated adjusted rate ratios with generalized estimating equations. Results. Isolation and unevenness were significantly associated with gonorrhea rates. Centralization was marginally associated with gonorrhea. Isolation was more strongly associated with gonorrhea among the younger age groups. Concentration, clustering, and hypersegregation were not associated with gonorrhea. Conclusions. Certain dimensions of segregation are important in understanding STI risk among US Black persons. Interventions to reduce sexual risk may need to account for racial residential segregation to maximize effectiveness and reduce existent racial disparities.

Suggested Citation

  • Biello, K.B. & Kershaw, T. & Nelson, R. & Hogben, M. & Ickovics, J. & Niccolai, L., 2012. "Racial residential segregation and rates of gonorrhea in the United States, 2003-2007," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(7), pages 1370-1377.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2011.300516_2
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300516
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    1. Umedjon Ibragimov & Stephanie Beane & Samuel R Friedman & Kelli Komro & Adaora A Adimora & Jessie K Edwards & Leslie D Williams & Barbara Tempalski & Melvin D Livingston & Ronald D Stall & Gina M Wing, 2019. "States with higher minimum wages have lower STI rates among women: Results of an ecological study of 66 US metropolitan areas, 2003-2015," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(10), pages 1-18, October.
    2. Lutfi, Khaleeq & Trepka, Mary Jo & Fennie, Kristopher P. & Ibanez, Gladys & Gladwin, Hugh, 2015. "Racial residential segregation and risky sexual behavior among non-Hispanic blacks, 2006–2010," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 95-103.
    3. Reid, Allecia E. & Dovidio, John F. & Ballester, Estrellita & Johnson, Blair T., 2014. "HIV prevention interventions to reduce sexual risk for African Americans: The influence of community-level stigma and psychological processes," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 118-125.

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