IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ags/gazdal/298735.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A különböző szamócatermelési módok jövedelmezősége Magyarországon

Author

Listed:
  • Gubacsiné Marton, Fanni
  • Török, Áron

Abstract

A szamócatermesztés a bogyósgyümölcsűek között világszerte meghatározó szerepet tölt be, termőterülete Magyarországon is nőtt az elmúlt években. Magyarországon a szamóca piacát jellemzően a friss termék fogyasztása határozza meg, a hazai termelésű gyümölcs leginkább a magyar fogyasztók asztalaira kerül, ugyanakkor az itthoni érésidőn kívül az import dominál. Magyarországon a szamócatermesztés technológiái közül leginkább a szabadföldi, a fóliatakarásos bakhátas, illetve a fóliasátras hideghajtatás terjedt el. Az ezek közül a legmodernebbnek számító hajtatás leginkább a Lajosmizse környéki termesztőtájon és a fiatalabb gazdák körében gyakori, és a technológia megvalósításához sok esetben az Európai Unió fiatal gazda pályázatai is hozzájárultak. A tanulmány a legfontosabb magyar termesztőtájakon végzett termelői interjúk alapján vizsgálja a három említett termesztéstechnológia jövedelmezőségi viszonyait. A terméshozamon túl a szamóca esetében az érési időpont határozza meg leginkább az árbevétel alakulását, hiszen a hazai szamócaszezon elején (és végén) jóval magasabb értékesítési ár realizálható. A három vizsgált művelési mód beruházási igénye jelentősen különbözik egymástól, és a fenntartási (üzemeltetési) költségek is eltérőek. A vizsgált adatok alapján megállapítható, hogy rövid távon és alacsonyabb rendelkezésre álló kezdőtőke esetén a szabadföldi termesztésmód a legjövedelmezőbb, azonban közép- és hosszú távon a hajtatásos módszer előnye szembetűnő. ------------------- Strawberry production has increasing importance not only in Hungary but also in many parts of the world. Strawberry production is also the most important of the berries. Although it is very labor-intensive, due to the favorable profitability indicators young farmers are eager to start growing this fruit. Farmers under the age of 40 will also benefit from Young Farmer Contest, which will provide them significant initial support to develop tunnel or foil tent system. The study looked at the profitability of strawberry growing technologies with particular reference to more modern, more intensive technologies. It tried to answer the research question of whether more advanced technologies are delivering a level of return that can be profitable for smaller economies. As strawberry cultivation has become increasingly popular in Hungary over the past few decades, it is important to explore the reason for it’s popularity. The situation of Hungarian and international strawberry production and export- import relation were also examined, describing the world’s most important strawberry producers as well as exporters and importers. In the Hungarian context, it was important to examine the changes in the strawberry production area and the produced quantity, and also the strawberry trade. The Hungarian research was based on a questionnaire consisting of 37 questions. During the research 3 types of cultivation technologies were included, which are also the most common in Hungary. Soil- free cultivation, which currently requires the highest investment costs, is used by only two farms in Hungary and therefore it wasn’t the subject of the study. The profitability of cultivation technologies was investigated by calculating the payback time and the cumulative CF in all three cases. It can be stated that the expectations assumed from the interviews have been confirmed. In the case of field cultivation was the payback period the shortest. Based on the analysis of the payback period and the cumulated CF, it was found that producers with sufficient capital and long-term production, the foil tent investment is the most profitable. Field cultivation doesn’t require a lot of capital, so it can return even in the first year, despite the fact that the yield and sales prices are far below previous system and the operational risk is also the highest here. Based on the collected and evaluated data, foil tent production has become the most widespread technology in recent years, especially in the southern part of Hungary, where the climatic conditions are sufficient to enter the market weeks earlier. In the northern parts of the country, they don’t seek to be early, but to optimize qualitative and quantitative characteristics. The reason for this, is that due to the cooler climate, the ripening of fruits in the growing equipments is not possible to bring a satisfactory return.

Suggested Citation

  • Gubacsiné Marton, Fanni & Török, Áron, 2019. "A különböző szamócatermelési módok jövedelmezősége Magyarországon," GAZDÁLKODÁS: Scientific Journal on Agricultural Economics, Karoly Robert University College, vol. 63(06), December.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:gazdal:298735
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.298735
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/298735/files/Gazdalkodas_2019_06_Gubacsine_Torok_486_501.pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.22004/ag.econ.298735?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ags:gazdal:298735. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: AgEcon Search (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/gtkrfhu.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.