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Wage shares and demand regimes in Central America: An empirical analysis for Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama, 1970-2016

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  • Jiménez, Valeria

Abstract

This paper analyzes the relationship between functional income distribution aggregate demand and economic growth in five Central American countries; Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama for the period 1970-2016. It estimates the effects of a change in the wage share on aggregate demand based on a post-Kaleckian model, which allows for either profit- or wage-led demand. The results show that the domestic demand is wage-led in the five countries. The same applies for total demand with the exception of Panama, whose domestically wage-led demand turns profit-led when including the effect of distribution on net exports. Finally, it is argued that there is room for a wage-led recovery in Central America.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiménez, Valeria, 2020. "Wage shares and demand regimes in Central America: An empirical analysis for Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama, 1970-2016," IPE Working Papers 151/2020, Berlin School of Economics and Law, Institute for International Political Economy (IPE).
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ipewps:1512020
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Robert A. Blecker, 2016. "Wage-led versus profit-led demand regimes: the long and the short of it," Review of Keynesian Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing, vol. 4(4), pages 373-390, October.
    2. Bruno Jetin & Ozan Ekin Kurt, 2016. "Functional income distribution and growth in Thailand: A post Keynesian econometric analysis," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(3), pages 334-360, July.
    3. Bruno Thiago Tomio, 2020. "Understanding the Brazilian demand regime: a Kaleckian approach," Review of Keynesian Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing, vol. 8(2), pages 287-302, April.
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    5. Ozlem Onaran & Thomas Obst, 2016. "Wage-led growth in the EU15 member-states: the effects of income distribution on growth, investment, trade balance and inflation," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 40(6), pages 1517-1551.
    6. Eckhard Hein & Lena Vogel, 2008. "Distribution and growth reconsidered: empirical results for six OECD countries," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 32(3), pages 479-511, May.
    7. Thomas Tørsløv & Ludvig Wier & Gabriel Zucman, 2023. "The Missing Profits of Nations," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 90(3), pages 1499-1534.
    8. Ricardo Molero-Simarro, 2015. "Functional distribution of income, aggregate demand, and economic growth in the Chinese economy, 1978-2007," International Review of Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(4), pages 435-454, July.
    9. Özlem Onaran & Giorgos Galanis, 2014. "Income Distribution and Growth: A Global Model," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 46(10), pages 2489-2513, October.
    10. Eckhard Hein, 2014. "Distribution and Growth after Keynes," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 15903.
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    Cited by:

    1. Prante, Franz & Hein, Eckhard & Bramucci, Alessandro, 2021. "Varieties and interdependencies of demand and growth regimes in finance-dominated capitalism," IPE Working Papers 173/2021, Berlin School of Economics and Law, Institute for International Political Economy (IPE).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    distribution; aggregate demand; wage share; demand regimes; consumption; investment; net exports; developing countries; Central America;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E12 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Keynes; Keynesian; Post-Keynesian; Modern Monetary Theory
    • E22 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Investment; Capital; Intangible Capital; Capacity
    • E23 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Production
    • E25 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Aggregate Factor Income Distribution
    • E61 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics

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