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Learning from China's rise to escape the middle-income trap : a new structural economics approach to Latin America

Author

Listed:
  • Lin, Justin Yifu
  • Treichel, Volker

Abstract

This paper discusses the causes of the middle-income trap in Latin America and the Caribbean, identifies the challenges and opportunities for Latin America that come from China's rise, and draws lessons from New Structural Economics and the Growth Identification and Facilitation Framework to help Latin America escape the middle-income trap. Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean are caught in a middle-income trap due to their inability to structurally upgrade from low value-added to high value-added products. Governments in Latin America and the Caribbean should intervene in industries in which they have a comparative advantage, calibrating supporting policies in close collaboration with the private sector through public-private sector alliances. Through continuous structural upgrading in sectors intensive in factors such as natural resources, scientific knowledge, and unskilled labor, the region could achieve dynamic growth. This would require investments in education, research and development, and physical infrastructure. Therefore, industrial upgrading and diversification would be essential to avoid further de-industrialization arising from the competitive pressures of the rise of China, broaden the base for economic growth, and create the basis for further sustained reduction in unemployment, poverty and income inequality. Failure to do so would lead to a loss of competitiveness and risks of further de-industrialization.

Suggested Citation

  • Lin, Justin Yifu & Treichel, Volker, 2012. "Learning from China's rise to escape the middle-income trap : a new structural economics approach to Latin America," Policy Research Working Paper Series 6165, The World Bank.
  • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:6165
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Razafimandimby Andrianjaka, Riana & Rougier, Eric, 2019. "“What difference does it make (to be in the Middle Income Trap)?”: An empirical exploration of the drivers of growth slowdowns," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 225-236.
    2. Otchia, Christian, 2016. "How to design the future? An economywide analysis of key industrial policies to boost pro-poor growth in DRC," Conference papers 332702, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    3. Mingzhi Xu, 2019. "Accounting for Revealed Comparative Advantage: Economic Complexity Redux," 2019 Meeting Papers 179, Society for Economic Dynamics.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Economic Theory&Research; Emerging Markets; Banks&Banking Reform; Debt Markets; Achieving Shared Growth;
    All these keywords.

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