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Intent to Implementation : Tracking India’s Social Protection Response to COVID-19

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  • Bhattacharya,Shrayana
  • Sinha Roy,Sutirtha

Abstract

The article takes stock of the social protection measures implemented through the Pradhan MantriGarib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY) to respond to the livelihoods impact of COVID-19 in India. The paper reports the share ofhouseholds that received food, cash transfers and both forms of assistance under the PMGKY program at the national andstate level. While a few surveys have reported coverage and benefit receipt information related to PMGKY, the currentanalysis draws on one of India’s largest panel survey of households from CMIE to better quantify the coverage andtargeting parameters. Results find that nearly 80 percent of all households received at least one social protectionbenefit from government programs. Approximately 40 percent of all poor households reported receiving both food and cashassistance. While subsequent versions of the paper shall attempt to unpack quantum of assistance, the first round ofresults on receipt of any transfers suggest that relief measures have been pro-poor and broad-based in outreach.However, there are state level variations in benefit delivery. Urban areas have lagged in coverage and cashtransfers reached fewer shares of households relative to food distribution through the Public Distribution System(PDS). Furthermore, analysis highlights the need to bolster benefit levels for any future relief measures. Drawing onlessons from PMGKY implementation, the article concludes with suggestions on designing a decentralized and adaptivesocial protection system in India to protect the poor and vulnerable against impacts from the second wave of thepandemic and any future crises.

Suggested Citation

  • Bhattacharya,Shrayana & Sinha Roy,Sutirtha, 2021. "Intent to Implementation : Tracking India’s Social Protection Response to COVID-19," Social Protection Discussion Papers and Notes 160059, The World Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:hdnspu:160059
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Guardiancich,Igor & Weaver,R. Kent & Demarco,Gustavo C. & Dorfman,Mark Charles, 2019. "The Politics of NDC Pension Scheme Diffusion : Constraints and Drivers," Social Protection Discussion Papers and Notes 136556, The World Bank.
    2. Ch?on-Dominczak,Agnieszka & Góra,Marek & Kotowska,Irena E. & Magda,Iga & Ruzik-Sierdzinska,Anna & Strzelecki,Pawe?, 2019. "The Impact of Lifetime Events on Pensions : NDC Schemes in Poland, Italy, and Sweden and the Point Scheme in Germany," Social Protection Discussion Papers and Notes 136869, The World Bank.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mrinalini Jha & Amit Basole, 2023. "Labour Incomes in India: A Comparison of Two National Household Surveys," The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Springer;The Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE), vol. 66(1), pages 181-201, March.

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