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Vegetative Effects of Fencing and Ungulate Herbivores in Waingaro, New Zealand: A 10 Year Study

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  • Pamela Kaval

Abstract

Fencing of remnant native vegetation and removing ungulate populations is commonly used for restoring native biodiversity throughout New Zealand. In this investigation, a complete tree and fern population count was conducted in 2006, 2010, and 2015 for permanent plots to determine if fencing made a difference in Waingaro, New Zealand. It was expected that fencing and the removal of ungulate browsing would increase the number of native plants and the number of palatable preferred plant species. The opposite was observed, with a decrease in native plants and a decrease in palatable species. Therefore, fencing and the removal of ungulate browsing may not be enough to increase the number of native species or increase the number of palatable species under a closed canopy within the timeframes investigated. The removal of non-native vegetation (for example, Selaginella kraussiana) may also be required.

Suggested Citation

  • Pamela Kaval, 2015. "Vegetative Effects of Fencing and Ungulate Herbivores in Waingaro, New Zealand: A 10 Year Study," Working Papers in Economics 15/11, University of Waikato.
    • Handle: RePEc:wai:econwp:15/11
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    File URL: https://repec.its.waikato.ac.nz/wai/econwp/1511.pdf
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    native bush regeneration; fencing; grazing exclusion; native vegetation rehabilitation; vegetation survey; browsing; ungulate; biodiversity restoration; Queen Elizabeth covenants; palatable vegetation; unpalatable vegetation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q2 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation
    • Q57 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Ecological Economics
    • Q12 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets

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