Economic resilience: theory and empiricism[Шокоустойчивость Экономики: Теория И Эмпирика]

Sanctions pressure, disruption of production chains leads to crisis phenomena in the Russian economy in the context of most regions. For both federal and regional authorities, it is necessary not only to understand the main characteristics of the socio-economic development of the regions, but also to consider the sensitivity of regional resilience (shock resilience). The resilience of regions in terms of the rate of decline and recovery of GRP, investment activity, and budget revenues is calculated based on a large number of factors. The causes and factors of crisis phenomena in the economy, as well as the resilience, can be considered in the prism of theory and empiricism and become the basis for understanding public policy and making anti-crisis decisions. The aim of the study is to fully cover the phenomena of shock resilience of the economy using the analysis of theoretical views and empirical approaches. Research methods and methodology are historical-economic, comparative and system analysis, scientific-logical method, cartographic methods, index method. Scientific novelty consists in conducting a thorough and in-depth analysis of theories and concepts that describe the causes and factors of crisis phenomena in the economy with a final presentation of a comprehensive review of them, in which the emphasis is on revealing the historical context of their occurrence and describing crisis theories and models of modern economic reality. In addition, approaches to the definition of the phenomenon of shock resilience are classified, structural aspects and methods for calculating resilience are systematically described, and the author's systematization of works on the study of socioeconomic resilience is presented. Results. The analysis of economic cycles and models of economic crises revealed a regular cyclicity in the development of the views of economists on the nature of economic cycles, causes and overcoming possible consequences. Modern crisis processes happen largely because they are associated with two types of contradictions or imbalances - there are political and financial-economic ones, while the deep causes are universal world processes associated with changes in technological patterns. A grounded theory approach as the qualitative sociological method is becoming more and more in demand in modern studies related to the crisis in the economy; the results of its application to the disease pandemic, for example, showing that the corona crisis is a complex phenomenon that is directly or indirectly affected by the health crisis, government policies and human behavior. Among the most common methods of empirical research of economic resilience, the construction of complex indices and regression analysis of research resilience indicators stand out. The evolution of scientists' views on the causes and factors of crises, a review of the main approaches to the analysis of the phenomena of shock resilience, as well as an analysis of empirical studies of its results at the level of the economy of countries and regions are the main results of this study that expand the possibilities for understanding public policy and making the right anti-crisis decisions.