No 22-27: 미·중 전략 경쟁 시대 글로벌 기업의 대응과 중국진출 한국기업에 대한 시사점(Response to U.S.-China Competition by Multinational Companies and Implications for Korean Companies in China)

본 보고서는 미·중 전략 경쟁 시대 글로벌 기업의 대응전략을 살펴보고, 중국진출 한국기업에 주는 시사점을 도출하였다. 미·중 분쟁과 공급망 재편에 대응하기 위한 글로벌 기업의 대중국 전략 변화, 경영실태 및 유형별 사례를 분석하였다. 이러한 글로벌 기업의 대응과 중국진출 한국 제조업체의 실태조사 결과를 종합하여 시사점을 도출하였다. This report examines how multinational companies in China are responding to the intensifying strategic competition between the U.S. and China, and draws implications for Korean companies in China. With the integration of resources and markets around the world sparked by the trend of globalization, multinational companies have continued to grow at a rapid pace. In particular, global manufacturers have maintained their competitiveness by distributing resources more efficiently while establishing a global value chain with China as their main production hub. However, measures taken by the U.S. to block China’s access to technology and supply chains in some high-tech industries have prompted discussions on reorganization of the global supply chain, placing these multinational companies in an uncertain situation concerning their operations in China. At a time when competition between the U.S. and China is intensifying, it is necessary to look at the response strategies of global companies that have entered China and seek effective countermeasures for Korean companies. Chapter 2 examines the changes in the Chinese government’s foreign capital attraction policy and the current status of foreign direct investment (FDI) in China. Under its “dual circulation” strategy, China is responding to U.S. control measures and expanding foreign capital attraction in the service and high-tech manufacturing sectors necessary for China’s industrial advancement. In particular, the U.S.-China competition has led the Chinese government to expand its efforts to attract foreign capital through more preferential policies in high-tech manufacturing sectors, where the U.S. has concentrated its blocking measures. On the other hand, due to stricter labor and environmental regulations, and China’s establishment of an independent supply chain, the business environment of multinational companies in China is deteriorating as systems and laws related to economic security are undergoing transformation. he trend of foreign investment seen through Chinese FDI statistics indicates that, despite the U.S. ramping up efforts to contain China, the inflow of foreign investment is steadily increasing, especially in the service and high-tech manufacturing sectors that the Chinese government hopes to foster. (the rest omitted)