공여국의 ODA정책 결정 과정 비교연구: 국민 인식과 정책 동기 중심으로(A Comparative Study on ODA Policy Process: Public Awareness as a Policy Motive)

OECD DAC 가입 이후 한국 ODA는 빠른 추격자(fast follower)로서 규모·체계·전략 면에서 압축적인 성장을 이루어냈다. 한국 ODA가 향후 개발협력의 선도자(first mover)로 발돋움하기 위해서는 중장기적으로 국민적 공감과 지지를 바탕으로 하는 것이 필수적이나, 10여 년의 압축적 성장 과정에서 제도와 국민인식이 상응하여 성장해왔는지는 의문이다. 본 연구는 타 공여국의 ODA정책 결정 과정 비교·분석을 통해 당면 과제를 밝히고, 국민인식에 부합하는 ODA정책을 위한 대국민 소통전략을 제언하였다. 또한 국민인식도 조사를 바탕으로 한국에서 필요한 홍보 및 교육 전략의 방향성을 제시하였다. For a decade since joining the OECD DAC in 2010, Korea’s ODA saw immense improvement in terms of its scale, governance structure, and strategy. This was efficiently achievable through a process of fast-following the examples provided by leading global donors. However, such condensed development of institutions was insufficient to ensure the holistic improvement of all related governance systems. Especially, the policies and strategies for public relations were deemed of secondary importance, compared to the urgency of governance directly related to proper delivery of the aid. For Korea to further contribute to the global society as a leading donor, it has become essential to clearly elaborate its long-run ODA policy based on solid policy motives to support it. In this study, we revisit one of the most important intrinsic policy motives: the public awareness on development cooperation, and where it lies in Korea’s ODA. To elaborate the current status and potential roles of public opinion regarding the current ODA system, we conduct comparative analyses with other donors to define the main challenges for Korea. Furthermore, we conduct individual level empirical analyses using harmonized survey data accumulated over 11 years, and propose a strategy to enhance public awareness in Korea. In chapter 2, we first quantitatively assess the levels of correspondence between Korea’s ODA and public awareness. We find some economic outcomes agree with the public awareness on the economic importance of ODA. However, from other outcomes of our interest, such as scale, resource allocation, and policy goals, we find vast discrepancy between public perceptions of ODA and the actual administration of ODA programs. Thus, we raise the need for enhancing a strategy regarding public relations. In chapter 3, we present examples of a strong governance system and concrete strategy for public relations within other donor countries. (the rest omitted)