인도의 주별 인구구조 변화가 노동시장과 산업별 고용구조에 미치는 영향(The Effects of Population Changes on the Labor Market in India)

인도는 2023년 세계 1위의 인구 대국이 될 것으로 전망되고 있고 중국을 대체할 글로벌 생산기지로 제시되는 가운데, 본 연구는 인도의 인구구조와 그 영향에 대한 분석을 하였다. 본 연구에서는 인도의 인구구조 변화와 전망, 변화의 배경이 되는 인구 관련 정책, 인도의 노동시장 특성 및 추이에 대해 자세히 분석하고, 인구구조의 변화가 경제성장, 산업별 부가가치, 산업별 고용구조에 미치는 영향에 대해서 실증적으로 분석하였다.(As geopolitical conflicts escalate, such as the US-China conflict and the Russia-Ukraine war, friction arises in various fields such as supply chain, technology, and energy. These frictions can pose a threat to the economic growth and security of a country, so the fields that need to be analyzed from the perspective of economic security are gradually expanding. Therefore, this report introduces various economic security issues in major sectors such as supply chain, technology, energy, and food. It also examines the downside risks to the Korean economy due to the deterioration of stability in the North Korean regime and space. Finally, it suggests ways to respond and cooperate. Chapter 2 examines economic security issues and cooperation directions in the supply chain sector by analyzing GVC (Global Value Chain) and major countries’ policies for managing supply chain risks. Some of the major economic security issues in the supply chain are △the reorganization of supply chains due to the pandemic and geopolitical conflicts △the deterioration of the domestic industrial base due to increased dependence on the US and China for supply chains △the increased importance of emerging countries such as India, Mexico and Vietnam in the global supply chain. The main findings of the GVC analysis by 2021 show that the roles of the US and China in the global supply chain of major countries are continuously increasing, and that emerging countries such as India, Mexico, Vietnam and Brazil have become more important in the global supply chain. Moreover, as a result of reviewing the supply chain policies of major countries, it was found that they commonly pursued legislation to foster high value-added industries and support investment in core minerals. Therefore, Korea needs to strengthen bilateral consultations with the US and China through regular agreements, while enhancing supply chain connectivity with emerging countries whose importance in the supply chain is gradually increasing. In particular, it is necessary to actively participate in the formation of supply chain solidarity through multilateral/bilateral cooperation in order to prevent the fragmentation of the supply chain due to disputes between the US and China and geopolitical conflicts.(the rest omitted)