포스트 코로나 시대 사회 안정성과 포용성 제고를 위한 국내외 정책 분석: 출산ㆍ보육, 부동산, 금융 및 보건위기를 중심으로(Analysis of domestic and foreign policies to enhance social stability and inclusion in the post-corona era: Focusing on public health, childbirth and childcare, real estate, and taxation of financial assets)

이 연구는 코로나19 위기가 사회경제적 안정성 및 포용성에 미친 부정적 영향을 살펴보고, 그 대처에 필요한 정책적 대응 방향을 제시하고자 한다. 이러한 문제가 각별히 부각된 보건, 고용, 부동산, 금융자산 영역에서 주요국들이 시행한 정책들이 어떤 효과를 거두었지를 비교 검토한다. 이를 통해서 위기에 강하고 그 위기를 극복하면서 모든 사회 구성원들을 포용할 수 있는 정책의 방향을 제시한다. This study aims to examine the negative impact of the COVID-19 crisis on social and economic stability and inclusiveness, and to suggest the necessary policy direction to deal with it. To this end, the historical experiences of pandemic diseases were reviewed, and the relationship between the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on the labor market by gender and the effect of family-friendly policies were analyzed. In addition, the causes of the instability in the housing market and the direction of policy improvement were discussed. Finaly, the current situation of taxation policies on financial assets were reviewed and the theoretical analysis and internatinal comparison were carried out. First, according to studies on the epidemic of infectious diseases in the past, pandemic diseases caused greater socio-economic costs by impeding the formation of human capital beyond direct costs such as casualties. Therefore, it was confirmed that an active response is required to minimize the damage caused by such diseases, and the implementation of an intensive quarantine policy was effective in alleviating the long-term economic stagnation. However, as the recent COVID-19 pandemic has been continuing for a long time, it is becoming difficult to sustain a high-intensity quarantine policy. The current policy is difficult to maintain because the individual’s marginal cost is likely to increase rapidly due to the economic damage accumulated over a long period of time. Therefore, compensation for losses to the self-employed and small business owners, where the cost of quarantine is concentrated, is an urgent issue. In particular, the main tasks are to prepare a rational basis for assessing the amount of damage and to ensure prompt payment. Second, by examining the gap in gender labor market performance by country due to the COVID-19 health crisis and analyzing the relationship with family-friendly policies, it was attempted to suggest what constitutes an appropriate family-friendly policy in the post-COVID-19 era. As a result of empirical analysis, it was found that the effect was different depending on the type of family-friendly policy. (the rest omitted)