반덤핑조치의 국제적 확산과 조사기법 다양화의 영향 및 정책시사점(International Spread of Anti-dumping Measures and Diversification of Investigation Methodologies: Effects and Policy Implications)

코로나19가 장기화됨에 따라 보호무역주의 확산 우려가 커지고 있다. 특히 반덤핑조치는 다른 보호무역조치에 비해 상대적으로 발동이 수월할 뿐만 아니라 그 효과가 직접적이어서 우리 경제에 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 반덤핑조치의 확산 동향과 함께 반덤핑조치가 교역에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 아울러 반덤핑 조사 방식이 다양화ㆍ강화되고 있다는 점에 주목하여, 반덤핑 조사기법 중 한국산 제품에 대해 빈번히 적용되고 있는 특별한 시장상황(PMS)과 불리한 가용정보(AFA)를 중심으로 법ㆍ제도 적용 사례와 조사당국 논리를 분석하였다. As global economic growth has lost momentum due to the COVID-19, concerns about the spread of protectionism are growing. In particular, anti-dumping (AD) measures are more likely to expand in the future in that they are relatively easy to take and have a direct effect on trade compared to other protectionist trade policies.Accordingly, this study examines the spread of AD measures and the effects of AD measures on trade. We also pay attention to the fact that AD investigation methodologies are being diversified. Global AD measures decreased in the 2000s, but have been on the rise since the global financial crisis in 2009. AD measures are mainly taken in the metal, chemical, plastic and rubber industries. In many cases, developed countries are taking AD measures against developing countries, while AD measures within developed or developing countries are increasing in recent years. AD measures against Korea are also mainly taken in the metal, chemical, plastic and rubber industries. In an empirical analysis using data from 2010 to 2019 for 120 countries around the world, we find that AD measures have anegative effect on trade. Furthermore, AD measures have a negative effect on trade in empirical analyses conducted by splitting all product datasets by industry or production stage. Next, it is found that AD measures taken against Korea have a negative effect on Korean exports for the chemical, rubber, plastics industry as well as metal industry. Finally, we also analyze whether the trade diversion and trade refraction effects of AD measures occurred in the above two industries, focusing on cases where the United States conductedinvestigations against Korea. The results of our empirical analysis indicate that the trade diversion effect does not occur in the chemical, rubber, and plastic industries, but is found to occur in the metal industry. The trade refraction effect occurs in the chemical, rubber, and plastic industries, but not in the metal industry. (the rest omitted)