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남미인프라통합구상(Iirsa)의 추진 현황과 한국에 대한 시사점 (Current Status of IIRSA and Policy Implications)

Author

Listed:
  • Yi , Sang Hyun

    (Independent)

  • Kang , Jungwon

    (Seoul National University)

  • Kim , You-Kyoung

    (Independent)

  • Kim , Chong-Sup

    (Seoul National University - Center for International Commerce and Finance)

  • Park , Yun Joo

    (Independent)

  • Lee , Mee-Joung

    (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)

  • Lim , Taekyoon

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

  • Choi , Myoung-Ho

    (Busan University of Foreign Studies)

Abstract

Korean Abstract: 본 연구는 남미인프라통합구상 (IIRSA: Iniciativa para la Integración de la Infraestructura Regional Suramericana) 에 관한 심층적 조사와 분석을 토대로 추진동향을 파악하고 우리에게 주는 정책적 시사점을 도출하는 것을 기본 목적으로 한다. IIRSA는 2000년 8월 브라질의 수도 브라질리아에서 개최된 제1차 남미 정상회담에서 브라질의 前대통령 카르도주가 주창하고 남미 12개국 정상이 합의하여 시작된 남미지역의 대규모 인프라 개발사업으로 남미지역의 교통, 통신, 에너지 분야의 통합을 목표로 한다. 남미대륙을 10개의 허브로 나누어 추진하는 IIRSA는 현재 1,500억 달러 이상의 투자규모로 500개 이상의 개발프로젝트가 진행되고 있으며, 향후 투자규모는 더욱 확대될 것으로 예상된다. 2005년 본격적인 인프라 구축 및 통합 사업을 시작한 IIRSA는 2011년 3월 출범한 남미판 정치연합인 남미국가연합 (UNASUR: Unión de Naciones Suramericanas) 의 발족으로 그 중요성이 더욱 커졌다. 즉 남미지역의 물리적 통합을 시도하는 IIRSA는 남미지역의 정치적ㆍ경제적 통합을 추구하는 남미국가연합의 출범을 계기로 사업의 지속가능하고 계획적인 추진을 위한 동력을 확보하게 되었다. IIRSA는 남미 전체를 아우르는 대규모의 인프라 구축 및 통합 사업으로 남미 전역에 걸쳐 포괄적이고도 중요한 변화를 가져오는 사업이다. 또한 IIRSA는 단지 인프라 부문뿐만 아니라 인프라와 직접적 관련이 있는 경제와 정치는 물론 국제관계, 환경, 사회 등 남미지역 전체의 발전과도 관련이 있다. 우선 본 연구는 IIRSA의 배경과 체제를 살펴보았다. 2000년 8월 제1회 남미 12개국 정상회담을 계기로 시작된 IIRSA는 2004년 페루의 쿠스코에서 열린 제3차 남미 정상회담에서 335개의 인프라프로젝트를 IIRSA 프로젝트 포트폴리오에 포함시켰고 동시에 31개의 프로젝트를 우선추진프로젝트 (AIC: Agenda de Implementación Consensual) 로 지정하며 사업을 본격화하였다. AIC로 불리는 IIRSA의 우선지정프로젝트는 운송 및 교통 부문 28개, 에너지부문 1개, 그리고 통신부문 2개로 구성되었다. 1단계 사업의 시한이었던 2010년까지 524개 프로젝트에 총 960억 달러가 투자되었다. 1단계 사업의 결과, 31개의 우선지정프로젝트를 중심으로 남미인프라통합은 뚜렷한 진전을 이루었다. English Abstract: This study aims at analysing the current status of the Iniciativa para la Integración de la Infraestructura Regional Suramericana (IIRSA) and eliciting implications for Korean policy toward such initiatives. IIRSA is an infrastructure construction project of massive scale originally organized by 12 South American countries at the First Summit Meeting of South American Presidents at Brasilia in August of 2000. Enrique Cardoso, then president of Brazil, was the lead proponent of such a project. Later, at the third summit of 12 countries, 335 projects were selected to be included in the IIRSA portfolio and 31 among them became priority projects, which were later called AIC (Agenda de Implementación Consensual). AIC contains 28 projects in transportation, 1 energy development project and 2 communications projects. By 2010, the number of projects that IIRSA planned to pursue reached 524 and the amount of investment earmarked for these projects was estimated to be more than 96 billion dollars. The priority projects comprising the AIC showed good level of completion by 2014. In 2008, with the launch of UNASUR (Unión de Naciones Suramericanas), IIRSA experienced changes in its system and organization. The third summit of UNASUR in 2009 decided to organize COSIPLAN (Consejo Suramericano de Infraestructura y Planeamiento) and incorporate the IIRSA. COSIPLAN, which absorbed IIRSA as an important element in its development strategy, maintained the basic structure of IIRSA such as AICs and its main goals. In October 2012, COSIPLAN covered 583 projects in transportation, energy, and communications. Its total investment is estimated to reach 157.7 billion US dollars. In addition, COSIPLAN selected its priority projects, called APIs (Agenda de Proyectos Prioritarios de Integración). In 2013, COSIPLAN selected 31 structural APIs and 101 individual APIs, whose investment was over 16.7 billion US dollars. According to this study, the purposes of the IIRSA are as follows. First of all, the purpose of IIRSA is to improve competitiveness of South American countries by reducing the transportation cost, as evidenced by the concentration of projects in the field of transportation. Especially, it is a move taken in South America as a response to the growing importance of East Asia, especially China, in the global trade. The other purpose of IIRSA is to contribute to the integration of South America in line with the globalization of the world economy. By doing so, South American countries seek to expand intraregional trade, which is rather smaller in comparison to that of other continents. The political background of the inauguration of IIRSA turns out to be important. One element which made IIRSA possible was the fact that most South American countries had established a stable democratic system. Every country which currently participates in IIRSA agreed on the principle of democratic governance and maintenance of the system. Such political agreement facilitates negotiation and cooperation among member countries. Peaceful and harmonious regional atmosphere also serves as fertile soil for successful inauguration and development of IIRSA. In the 1990s, conflicts among countries in South America occurred rarely and, if it did occur, was resolved within an institutional framework. In sum, common economic goals and political setting shared by South American Countries became important elements to achieving a bigger goal: integration of South America.

Suggested Citation

  • Yi , Sang Hyun & Kang , Jungwon & Kim , You-Kyoung & Kim , Chong-Sup & Park , Yun Joo & Lee , Mee-Joung & Lim , Taekyoon & Choi , Myoung-Ho, 2014. "남미인프라통합구상(Iirsa)의 추진 현황과 한국에 대한 시사점 (Current Status of IIRSA and Policy Implications)," Policy Analyses 14-53, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:kieppa:2014_053
    DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2636699
    Note: Downloadable document is in Korean.
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