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Symmetric Normal Mixture GARCH

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Author Info

  • Carol Alexandra

    () (ICMA Centre, University of Reading)

  • Emese Lazar

    () (ICMA Centre, University of Reading)

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    Abstract

    Normal mixture (NM) GARCH models are better able to account for leptokurtosis in financial data and offer a more intuitive and tractable framework for risk analysis and option pricing than student’s t-GARCH models. We present a general, symmetric parameterisation for NM-GARCH(1,1) models, derive the analytic derivatives for the maximum likelihood estimation of the model parameters and their standard errors and compute the moments of the error term. Also, we formulate specific conditions on the model parameters to ensure positive, finite conditional and unconditional second and fourth moments. Simulations quantify the potential bias and inefficiency of parameter estimates as a function of the mixing law. We show that there is a serious bias on parameter estimates for volatility components having very low weight in the mixing law. An empirical application uses moment specification tests and information criteria to determine the optimal number of normal densities in the mixture. For daily returns on three US Dollar foreign exchange rates (British pound, euro and Japanese yen) we find that, whilst normal GARCH(1,1) models fail the moment tests, a simple mixture of two normal densities is sufficient to capture the conditional excess kurtosis in the data. According to our chosen criteria, and given our simulation results, we conclude that a two regime symmetric NM-GARCH model, which quantifies volatility corresponding to ‘normal’ and ‘exceptional’ market circumstances, is optimal for these exchange rate data.

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    File URL: http://www.icmacentre.ac.uk/pdf/discussion/DP2003-09.pdf
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    Bibliographic Info

    Paper provided by Henley Business School, Reading University in its series ICMA Centre Discussion Papers in Finance with number icma-dp2003-09.

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    Length: 44 pages
    Date of creation: May 2003
    Date of revision:
    Handle: RePEc:rdg:icmadp:icma-dp2003-09

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    Web page: http://www.henley.reading.ac.uk/
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    Related research

    Keywords: Volatility regimes; conditional excess kurtosis; normal mixture; heavy trails; exchange rates; conditional heteroscedasticity; GARCH models.;

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    Cited by:
    1. Cifter, Atilla, 2012. "Volatility Forecasting with Asymmetric Normal Mixture Garch Model: Evidence from South Africa," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(2), pages 127-142, June.
    2. Anastassios A. Drakos & Georgios P. Kouretas & Leonidas P. Zarangas, 2010. "Forecasting financial volatility of the Athens stock exchange daily returns: an application of the asymmetric normal mixture GARCH model," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 15(4), pages 331-350.

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