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Implikasi Kebijakan Fiskal Era Orde Baru Dan Era Reformasi dalam Mewujudkan Pertumbuhan Inklusif Di Indonesia

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  • Jamil, Hidsal

Abstract

Kebijakan fiskal di Indonesia dihadapkan pada persoalan pertumbuhan inklusif. Pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi di Era Orde Baru tidak berlanjut di Era Reformasi. Pertumbuhan ekonomi di Era Reformasi cenderung dibarengi dengan tingkat kemiskinan dan penganggguran yang relatif lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan Era Refomasi. Penelitian ini memiliki dua tujuan utama yakni: (i) menguji inklusivitas pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia; dan, (ii) menganalisis perbedaan implikasi kebijakan fiskal Era Orde Baru dan Era Reformasi dalam mewujudkan percepatan pertumbuhan inklusif di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode estimasi parameter 3SLS (Three Stage Least Square), penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia selama periode 1981-2016 masih belum inklusif. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan aktivitas ekonomi di Indonesia mengarah pada sektor yang bersifat padat modal (capital intensive). Selain itu, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kebijakan fiskal baik di Era Orde Baru dan Era Reformasi memiliki implikasi yang berbeda dalam mewujudkan pertumbuhan inklusif di Indonesia. Peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi bersumber dari belanja kesehatan di Era Orde Baru dan belanja pendidikan di Era Reformasi. Sementara itu, penurunan pengangguran berasal dari belanja infrastruktur di Era Orde Baru.

Suggested Citation

  • Jamil, Hidsal, 2017. "Implikasi Kebijakan Fiskal Era Orde Baru Dan Era Reformasi dalam Mewujudkan Pertumbuhan Inklusif Di Indonesia," OSF Preprints ks5at, Center for Open Science.
  • Handle: RePEc:osf:osfxxx:ks5at
    DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/ks5at
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