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Open Science in Africa – Challenges, Opportunities and Perspectives

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  • Ahinon, Justin Sègbédji
  • Havemann, Johanna

Abstract

Open Science is becoming increasingly popular globally and provides unprecedented opportunities for scientists in Africa, South East Asia, and Latin America. African scientists face several difficulties when attempting to get their work published in peer reviewed journals -there is a small number of publication platforms, a lack of knowledge and access difficulties related to existing journals, whose visibility on the web is not very good (Piron et al., 2017). There are also obstacles related to the functioning of the journals themselves (notably the duration of the revision process and the cost of publications) and the result is that science and scholarly publishing are often perceived as a prerogative of the Northern countries. The methods and techniques (including the peer review process) that are being developed for its dissemination are not necessarily adapted to the contexts of other regions of the world, including Africa. Indeed, many African-based peer-reviewed scholarly journals are unable to host their content online due to resource limitations and the digital divide (Agaba et al., 2004). In this article, we provide an overview of the most important initiatives and actors in the Open Science movement in Africa. We further identify three major challenges for Open Science on the African continent and offer perspectives for African researchers to actively contribute to the global scientific community and share knowledge to meet the challenges we all face. Résumé Le mouvement de la Science Ouverte est de plus en plus populaire dans le monde et offre des opportunités sans précédent aux scientifiques en Afrique, en Asie du Sud-Est et en Amérique latine. Les scientifiques africains font face à plusieurs difficultés lorsqu'ils tentent de faire publier leurs travaux dans des revues évaluées par des pairs - il existe en effet un petit nombre de plateformes de publication, un manque de connaissances et des difficultés d'accès liées aux revues existantes, dont la visibilité sur le Web n'est pas très bonne (Piron et al., 2017). Il y a aussi des obstacles liés au fonctionnement des revues elles-mêmes (notamment la durée du processus de révision et le coût des publications) ; il en résulte donc que la science et la publication scientifique sont souvent perçues comme une prérogative des pays du Nord. Les méthodes et techniques (y compris le processus d'examen par les pairs) qui sont mises au point pour sa diffusion ne sont pas nécessairement adaptées au contexte d'autres régions du monde, dont l'Afrique. En effet, de nombreuses revues savantes africaines évaluées par des pairs ne sont pas en mesure d'héberger leur contenu en ligne en raison des ressources limitées dont elles disposent et de la fracture numérique (Agaba et al., 2004). Dans cet article, nous fournissons un aperçu des initiatives et des acteurs les plus importants du mouvement de la Science Ouverte en Afrique. Nous identifions en outre trois défis majeurs pour la Science Ouverte sur le continent africain et présentons des perspectives pour les chercheurs africains pour contribuer activement à la communauté scientifique mondiale et partager les connaissances afin relever les défis auxquels nous sommes tous confrontés. Lakotan Imọ Imọ ti wa ni agbaye ti o gbajumo julọ ni agbaye ati pese awọn anfani ti ko dara fun awọn onimo ijinlẹ sayensi ni Afirika, Ila-oorun Iwọ-oorun ati Latin America. Awọn onimo ijinle sayensi Afirika doju ọpọlọpọ awọn iṣoro nigba ti igbiyanju lati gba iṣẹ wọn jade ni awọn iwe-akọọlẹ ti a pejọ - eyiti o jẹ nọmba kekere ti awọn ipilẹ iwe, ailopin ìmọ ati awọn iṣoro wiwọle ti o nii ṣe pẹlu awọn iwe iroyin ti o wa tẹlẹ, ti hihan lori aaye ayelujara ko dara (Piron et al., 2017). Awọn idiwọ tunmọ si iṣẹ-ṣiṣe ti awọn iwe irohin ara wọn (paapaa iye akoko atunyẹwo ati iye owo awọn iwe) ati idajade ni pe awọn iwe-ẹkọ imọ-sayensi ati awọn iwe-ẹkọ ni a maa n ri bi idibajẹ ti awọn orilẹ-ede Ariwa. Awọn ọna ati awọn imọran (pẹlu ilana atunyẹwo ẹlẹgbẹ) ti a ti ni idagbasoke fun ifitonileti rẹ ko ni dandan ni ibamu si awọn apejuwe awọn agbegbe miiran ti aye, pẹlu Africa. Nitootọ, ọpọlọpọ awọn iwe-iwe iwe-ẹkọ ti o ṣe ayẹwo ti awọn oniye-ede Afirika ko le ṣe alabojuto awọn akoonu lori ayelujara nitori awọn idiwọn awọn ohun elo ati pinpin oni-nọmba (Agaba et al., 2004). Ninu àpilẹkọ yii, a pese akopọ ti awọn eto pataki ati awọn olukopa ti o wa ni Open Science Movement ni Afirika. A tun ṣe idaniloju awọn italaya pataki mẹta fun Imọ Imọ lori ile Afirika ati ki o funni ni awọn ifọkansi fun awọn oluwadi ile Afirika lati ṣe alabapin si awujọ ijinlẹ agbaye ni agbaye ati pinpin imọ lati ba awọn ipenija ti gbogbo wa pade.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahinon, Justin Sègbédji & Havemann, Johanna, 2018. "Open Science in Africa – Challenges, Opportunities and Perspectives," AfricArxiv m5kuc, Center for Open Science.
  • Handle: RePEc:osf:africa:m5kuc
    DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/m5kuc
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    Cited by:

    1. Michael Cary & Taylor Rockwell, 2020. "International Collaboration in Open Access Publications: How Income Shapes International Collaboration," Publications, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-24, February.

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