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Raw materials critical for the green transition: Production, international trade and export restrictions

Author

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  • Przemyslaw Kowalski
  • Clarisse Legendre

Abstract

The challenge of achieving net zero CO2 emissions will require a significant scaling up of production and international trade of several raw materials which are critical for transforming the global economy from one dominated by fossil fuels to one led by renewable energy technologies. This report provides a first joint assessment of data on production, international trade, and export restrictions on such critical raw materials from the OECD’s Inventory of Export Restrictions on Industrial Raw Materials covering the period 2009-2020. It presents data on production and trade concentrations, sheds early light on the impact of export restrictions, and discusses possible directions of further work in this area. The evidence presented suggests that export restrictions may be playing a non-trivial role in international markets for critical raw materials, affecting availability and prices of these materials. OECD countries have been increasingly exposed to the use of export restrictions for critical raw materials.

Suggested Citation

  • Przemyslaw Kowalski & Clarisse Legendre, 2023. "Raw materials critical for the green transition: Production, international trade and export restrictions," OECD Trade Policy Papers 269, OECD Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:oec:traaab:269-en
    DOI: 10.1787/c6bb598b-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Caravella, Serenella & Crespi, Francesco & Cucignatto, Giacomo & Guarascio, Dario, 2023. "Technological Sovereignty and Strategic Dependencies: The case of the Photovoltaic Supply Chain," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1330, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    2. Simone Emiliozzi & Fabrizio Ferriani & Andrea Gazzani, 2023. "The European energy crisis and the consequences for the global natural gas market," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 824, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Export taxes; Global value chains; GVCs; International supply chains; Licensing requirements; OECD’s Inventory of Export Restrictions on Industrial Raw Materials;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F18 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Environment

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