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• Nadim Ahmad

Efforts such as the Kyoto Protocol to reduce emissions that may be linked to climate change focus on six greenhouse gases (GHG). Carbon dioxide is by far the largest of these by volume, representing about 80% of the total emissions of these six gases. Almost all carbon dioxide is emitted during the combustion of fossil fuels and OECD countries account for over half of the total carbon dioxide emission in the world while an additional four countries (Brazil, China, India and Russia) together account for a further quarter of the global total. Many policies designed to reduce these emissions set emission reduction goals based on some previous level (e.g. 1990 in the case of Kyoto for many countries) which is used as a benchmark for success and compliance to the protocol. But changes in emissions at the national level can occur for many reasons: including the relocation of production abroad, and/or by import substitution. This may have a negligible impact on global emissions but, if ...

Les émissions de dioxyde de carbone incorporées dans les échanges internationaux de marchandises

Des initiatives telles que le Protocole de Kyoto qui visent à réduire les émissions susceptibles de contribuer au changement climatique portent essentiellement sur six gaz à effet de serre (GES). Le dioxyde de carbone est de loin le plus important d'entre eux en volume, puisqu'il représente environ 80 % des émissions totales de ces six gaz. La quasi-totalité des émissions de ce gaz sont imputables à l'utilisation de combustibles fossiles et les pays de l'OCDE sont responsables de plus de la moitié des émissions totales de dioxyde de carbone dans le monde, tandis que quatre autres pays (Brésil, Chine, Inde et Russie) représentent ensemble un quart du total. Nombre de politiques visant à réduire ces émissions fixent des objectifs de réduction fondées sur un niveau antérieur (dans le cas de Kyoto, par exemple, celui de 1990 pour de nombreux pays) qui sert de repère pour juger du respect du protocole et de sa réussite. Or l'évolution des émissions au niveau national peut s'expliquer ...

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Paper provided by OECD, Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry in its series OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers with number 2003/15.

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Date of creation: 03 Nov 2003
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Handle: RePEc:oec:stiaaa:2003/15-en

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