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Built to Last: Designing a Flexible and Durable 2015 Climate Change Agreement

Author

Listed:
  • Gregory Briner

    (OECD)

  • Takayoshi Kato

    (OECD)

  • Takashi Hattori

    (International Energy Agency)

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to explore what a flexible and durable 2015 climate change agreement could look like and propose pragmatic options for the design of such an agreement. A durable 2015 climate change agreement would continue to be ambitious, fair and effective in 2020 and beyond. An agreement that is designed to be durable could also help to encourage widespread participation by governments, as well as improve the credibility of the agreement for investors. To achieve these objectives, a degree of flexibility could be included in the mitigation and other provisions of the 2015 agreement. If so, a balance may need to be struck between (i) providing enough flexibility for countries to feel comfortable participating in the agreement, (ii) providing predictability regarding the provisions of the agreement and the actions that governments intend to take, and (iii) the collective level of ambition of the agreement. Success will be needed on all fronts if the agreement is to be durable. Building some flexibility into the design of the 2015 agreement could make it more durable in the face of new scientific discoveries, external changes and shocks, as well as evolving country circumstances. The focus of this paper is on the mitigation part of the 2015 agreement. The paper outlines possible processes for consultations and updating of mitigation contributions. It also discusses the possible structure of the 2015 agreement and the implications of different mitigation contribution types for the flexibility and durability of the agreement. Construit pour durer : concevoir un accord climatique de 2015 souple et pérenne Ce rapport a pour objet d’envisager à quoi pourrait ressembler un accord souple et pérenne sur le changement climatique à conclure en 2015 et propose des options pragmatiques pour le concevoir. Un accord climatique pérenne signé en 2015 devrait demeurer ambitieux, juste et efficace en 2020 et au-delà. Conçu pour durer, il pourrait aussi encourager une large participation des gouvernements et bénéficier d’une plus grande crédibilité aux yeux des investisseurs. Pour atteindre ces objectifs, les dispositions de l’accord de 2015 visant l’atténuation et d’autres aspects pourraient ménager une certaine marge de manoeuvre, auquel cas il faudrait trouver un équilibre entre : (i) une flexibilité suffisante pour que les pays participant à l’accord se sentent à l’aise, (ii) la prévisibilité des dispositions de l’accord et des actions prévues par les gouvernements, et (iii) le degré d’ambition collective de l’accord. C’est sur tous les fronts qu’il importe d’obtenir de bons résultats pour assurer la pérennité de l’accord. Prévoir une certaine souplesse dans l’accord de 2015 dès sa conception permettrait de prolonger sa validité même si de nouvelles découvertes scientifiques, des changements et des chocs extérieurs ou l’évolution des situations nationales modifient la donne. Ce rapport est axé sur le volet atténuation de l’accord de 2015. Il décrit les processus de consultation et de mise à jour des contributions à l’atténuation qui pourraient y être inscrits. Il examine en outre la structure possible de l’accord de 2015 et les conséquences des différents types de contributions en matière d’atténuation pour sa flexibilité et sa pérennité.

Suggested Citation

  • Gregory Briner & Takayoshi Kato & Takashi Hattori, 2014. "Built to Last: Designing a Flexible and Durable 2015 Climate Change Agreement," OECD/IEA Climate Change Expert Group Papers 2014/3, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:envaab:2014/3-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5js1qf5cjnvd-en
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    2015 agreement; accord de 2015; atténuation; CCNUCC; changement climatique; climate change; gaz à effet de serre; greenhouse gas; mitigation; UNFCCC;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F53 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations
    • O44 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Environment and Growth
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

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