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Housing policy in Chile: A case study on two housing programmes for low-income households

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  • Angelica Salvi del Pero

    (OECD)

Abstract

Chile has made considerable progress in promoting access to affordable good-quality housing over the past two decades. The proportion of households that have no housing or that live in sub-standard housing has fallen from 23% in 1992 to 10% in 2011 (Ministerio Desarrollo Social 2013). Nevertheless, the incidence of poor quality housing and overcrowding is still high by international standards and residential segregation continues to be significant in Chile’s urban areas. Compared to other OECD countries, Chile is also characterised by small rental housing sector, which accounts for 18% of the housing stock; on average this tenure comprises 32% of the housing stock across OECD countries (Salvi Del Pero et al. 2015 forthcoming). After highlighting some of Chile’s key policy challenges in supporting access to quality and affordable housing (Chapter 1), this brief reviews two of Chile’s housing policy programmes. The first is a government subsidy to promote access to homeownership among low-income households; this programme – through various modifications – has been a central component of housing policy in Chile for over two decades. Chapter 2 discusses the characteristics of the programme, its objectives and the changes introduced to it in 2011; the further changes to the programme being discussed during the preparation of this brief – are instead not part of the study. The second policy reviewed in this report is a programme that introduced for the first time a subsidy to provide support for rental costs to young low and middle income households. Chapter 3 presents the main objectives and characteristics of this programme. Le Chili a beaucoup mieux oeuvré, ces deux dernières décennies, en faveur de l’accès à des logements abordables et de qualité. La proportion de ménages dépourvus de logement ou très mal logés a chuté, passant de 23 % en 1992 à 10 % en 2011 (Ministerio Desarrollo Social, 2013). Toutefois, la prévalence de logements de piètre qualité et surpeuplés reste élevée à l’aune internationale, et la ségrégation résidentielle demeure significative dans les zones urbaines chiliennes. Par rapport à d’autres pays de l’OCDE, le Chili se caractérise également par un secteur locatif restreint englobant 18 % du stock de logements, contre en moyenne 32 % dans la zone OCDE (Salvi Del Pero et al., 2015, à paraître). Après avoir mis en lumière certains des principaux enjeux de l’action publique du Chili en faveur de l’accès à des logements abordables et de qualité (chapitre 1), la présente synthèse passe en revue deux programmes de logement du pays. Le premier consiste pour le gouvernement à subventionner l’accession des ménages à faible revenu à la propriété de leur logement ; modifié à plusieurs reprises, ce programme est une composante centrale de la politique du logement chilienne depuis plus de deux décennies. Le chapitre 2 examine les caractéristiques du programme, ainsi que ses objectifs et les modifications qui lui ont été apportées en 2011 ; les autres changements, intervenus postérieurement, qui ont été examinés durant la préparation de cette synthèse ne font en revanche pas partie de l’étude. Le deuxième train de mesures examiné dans le présent rapport est un programme qui a consisté à mettre en place, pour la première fois, une subvention locative à l’intention des jeunes ménages à revenu faible ou moyen. Le chapitre 3 présente les objectifs et les caractéristiques de ce programme.

Suggested Citation

  • Angelica Salvi del Pero, 2016. "Housing policy in Chile: A case study on two housing programmes for low-income households," OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers 173, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:elsaab:173-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jm2hzbnqq33-en
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Chile; Chili; housing; Housing affordability; housing supply; public housing;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
    • R21 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Housing Demand
    • R31 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Housing Supply and Markets

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