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Low Fertility Rates in OECD Countries: Facts and Policy Responses

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Author Info
Joëlle Sleebos
Abstract

  1. Fertility rates have declined in most OECD countries to levels that are well below those needed to secure generation replacement. While attitudes towards this decline in fertility rates differ across countries, several OECD governments have introduced — or are considering — specific measures aimed at countering it. Such measures are often justified by government’s wish of either reducing some of the negative consequences of population ageing for society as a whole, or of removing obstacles that discourage those women wishing to have more children from doing so, because of the negative economic consequences of childbearing and of the length of the associated responsibilities. This paper provides a comparative overview of the evidence about the size, timing and nature of this decline in fertility rate across “mature” OECD countries, and about the effects of different measures introduced to deal with it.
  2. The first chapter of this paper reviews a range of indicators of the fertility ...


  1. La plupart des pays de l’OCDE affichent des taux de fécondité nettement inférieurs à ceux nécessaires pour assurer le remplacement des générations. Si les réactions à l’égard de ce phénomène diffèrent selon les pays, un grand nombre de gouvernements ont adopté – ou envisagent – des mesures spécifiques pour y faire face. Ces mesures visent bien souvent soit à réduire certaines conséquences négatives du vieillissement de la population pour la société dans son ensemble, soit à supprimer les obstacles qui dissuadent les femmes d’avoir plus d’enfants en raison des retombées économiques négatives liées à la maternité et à la durée des responsabilités à assumer. Ce document présente une analyse comparative de la dimension et de la nature du déclin des taux de fécondité dans les pays de l’OCDE, et sur l’effet de différentes mesures pour le contrer.
  2. Le premier chapitre de ce document passe en revue une série d’indicateurs des schémas de fécondité observés récemment dans les pays de ...

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Paper provided by OECD, Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs in its series OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers with number 15.

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Date of creation: 07 Oct 2003
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Handle: RePEc:oec:elsaaa:15-en

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J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth

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  1. Gerda R. Neyer & Gunnar Andersson, 2007. "Consequences of family policies on childbearing behavior: effects or artifacts?," MPIDR Working Papers WP-2007-021, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  2. repec:ese:iserwp: is not listed on IDEAS
  3. Pablo Brañas-Garza & Shoshana Neuman, 2007. "Parental religiosity and daughters’ fertility: the case of Catholics in southern Europe," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 5(3), pages 305-327, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Natálie Švarcová & Petr Švarc, 2009. "The Financial Impact of Government Policies on Families with Children in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia," AUCO Czech Economic Review, Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic Studies, vol. 3(1), pages 048-068, March. [Downloadable!]
  5. Anne Gauthier, 2007. "The impact of family policies on fertility in industrialized countries: a review of the literature," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer, vol. 26(3), pages 323-346, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Cooke, Lynn Prince, 2003. "The South revisited: The division of labor and family outcomes in Italy and Spain," IRISS Working Paper Series 2003-12, IRISS at CEPS/INSTEAD. [Downloadable!]
  7. Jan M. Hoem, 2008. "Overview Chapter 8: The impact of public policies on European fertility," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 19(10), pages 249-260, July. [Downloadable!]
  8. Concetta, MENDOLICCHIO, 2005. "Gender and private returns to education : a cross-European analysis," Discussion Papers (ECON - Département des Sciences Economiques) 2005056, Université catholique de Louvain, Département des Sciences Economiques. [Downloadable!]
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