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Promoting Infrastructure Development in Brazil

Author

Listed:
  • Annabelle Mourougane

    (OECD)

  • Mauro Pisu

    (OECD)

Abstract

Brazil under-invested in infrastructure for over three decades, and infrastructure investment rates have come up only slowly since 2007. Infrastructure needs are sizeable in almost all sectors. It is likely that at its current stage of development the country will benefit from large pay-offs from infrastructure spending. Against this background, the Brazilian authorities have put in place a large infrastructure plan named Growth Acceleration Programme (Programa de aceleração do crescimento, PAC). This programme has been rightly protected from the fiscal cuts announced in early 2011. Nevertheless, some changes to the policy and regulatory framework could be introduced to make public investment more cost-efficient and to foster private participation. In particular: • The second stage of PAC needs to focus on completing the most worthwhile programmes. In addition, the public-private partnership framework should be streamlined. • In most areas, the regulatory framework is working well, but sectors are at different stages of development. Despite important institutional changes in recent years, policy capture is sometimes still influencing some federal and many state regulatory agency decisions. • In spite of some recent progress, frequent disputes appear to delay some infrastructure projects, especially in the energy sector. The main challenge in this area is to hasten the licensing process, while continuing to put appropriate emphasis on environmental and social protection. • Reforms have been implemented in individual network industries, but there is still some room to inject competition in fixed-line telecommunications and to prevent product cross-subsidisation in the electricity sector. Concession contracts in both roads and rail could be refined to foster private investment in maintenance and network expansion. In water and sanitation, where investments are the most needed, smaller municipalities should be encouraged to invest and form consortia to reap economies of scale. This Working Paper relates to the 2011 OECD Economic Review of Brazil 2011 (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/Brazil). Promouvoir le développement des infrastructures au Brésil Le Brésil a peu investi en infrastructure ces trente dernières années, et les dépenses d’équipement dans ce domaine n’augmentent que lentement depuis 2007. Les besoins sont considérables dans presque tous les secteurs. Au stade actuel de son développement, le pays a sans doute tout intérêt à engager des dépenses d’infrastructure. C’est pourquoi les autorités brésiliennes ont mis en place un vaste plan de développement de l’infrastructure, appelé Programme d’accélération de la croissance (Programa de aceleração do crescimento, PAC). Ce programme a été, à juste titre, épargné par les coupes budgétaires annoncées début 2011. Néanmoins, certaines modifications pourraient être apportées au cadre stratégique et réglementaire afin de rendre l’investissement public plus rentable et de stimuler la participation du secteur privé. En particulier : • La deuxième phase du PAC doit être centrée sur l’achèvement des programmes les plus importants. Par ailleurs, le cadre de partenariat public-privé devrait être simplifié. • Dans la plupart des domaines, le cadre réglementaire fonctionne bien, mais les secteurs en sont à des stades de développement différents. Malgré les importantes réformes institutionnelles de ces dernières années, la captation par des intérêts particuliers continue parfois d’influer sur certaines décisions fédérales et sur des décisions de nombreux organismes de réglementation des États. • Malgré des progrès récents, de fréquents conflits paraissent retarder certains projets d’infrastructure, en particulier dans le secteur de l’énergie. La principale difficulté dans ce domaine consiste à accélérer le processus d’octroi de licences, tout en continuant de mettre l’accent comme il convient sur la protection sociale et environnementale. • Des réformes ont été mises en oeuvre dans certains secteurs de réseau, mais l’on pourrait encore faire jouer davantage la concurrence dans la téléphonie fixe et éviter les péréquations tarifaires dans le secteur de l’électricité. Les contrats de concession, tant pour les routes que pour le rail, pourraient être affinés afin de favoriser l’investissement privé à la fois dans l’entretien et dans l’extension des réseaux. Dans le domaine de l’eau et de l’assainissement, où l’insuffisance des investissements est la plus importante, les petites municipalités devraient être encouragées à investir et à former des consortiums afin de profiter des économies d’échelle réalisables. Ce document de travail se rapporte à l’Étude économique de l’OCDE du Brésil 2011. (www.oecd.org/eco/etudes/Bresil).

Suggested Citation

  • Annabelle Mourougane & Mauro Pisu, 2011. "Promoting Infrastructure Development in Brazil," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 898, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:898-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg3krfnclr4-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Amann, Edmund & Baer, Werner & Trebat, Thomas & Lora, Juan Villa, 2016. "Infrastructure and its role in Brazil's development process," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 66-73.
    2. Eduilson Carneiro & Wilza Lopes & Giovana Espindola, 2021. "Linking Urban Sprawl and Surface Urban Heat Island in the Teresina–Timon Conurbation Area in Brazil," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-16, May.
    3. William Costa & Britaldo Soares-Filho & Rodrigo Nobrega, 2022. "Can the Brazilian National Logistics Plan Induce Port Competitiveness by Reshaping the Port Service Areas?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-18, November.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Brazil; Brésil; cadre réglementaire; infrastructure; infrastructure; PPPs; PPPs; regulatory framework;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H43 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Project Evaluation; Social Discount Rate
    • H54 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Infrastructures
    • H81 - Public Economics - - Miscellaneous Issues - - - Governmental Loans; Loan Guarantees; Credits; Grants; Bailouts
    • K23 - Law and Economics - - Regulation and Business Law - - - Regulated Industries and Administrative Law

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