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The Indicators of the Economic Burdens of Environmental Policy Design: Results from the OECD Questionnaire

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  • Tomasz Koźluk

    (OECD)

Abstract

Environmental policies seek to address market failures related to the protection of the environment. However, they may also increase barriers to entry and distort competition. If stringent environmental policies can be designed in a way that minimises such economic burdens, they can facilitate the achievement of economic and environmental goals and a cleaner growth model. This paper reports evidence on selected competition-relevant aspects of environmental policy design from a cross-country questionnaire. Information on administrative burdens related to environmental licenses, differential treatment among incumbents and new entrants and the procedures to evaluate economic effects of environmental policies are summarised in a set of indicators of the Burden on the Economy due to Environmental Policies (BEEP). The indicators allow for a set of tentative conclusions. Firstly, the BEEP captures information on anti-competitive regulations absent from the OECD’s product market regulation indicators (PMR). Secondly, though it is not yet possible to evaluate the economic impact of anti-competitive aspects of environmental policies, it is likely they impact well beyond the sectors directly concerned, hampering productivity growth, as shown for other product market regulations. Finally, the burdens of environmental policies are not related to their actual stringency, indicating that ambitious environmental targets can be pursued in ways that are more (or less) friendly to competition. Les indicateurs des charges économiques inhérentes à la conception des politiques environnementales : Résultats du questionnaire de l'OCDE Les politiques environnementales s’efforcent de remédier aux défaillances du marché en matière de protection de l’environnement. Il se peut cependant qu’elles renforcent aussi les obstacles à l’entrée et faussent la concurrence. Si des politiques environnementales strictes peuvent être conçues de telle façon que ces charges économiques soient réduites au minimum, elles pourront faciliter la réalisation des objectifs économiques et environnementaux et l’avènement d’un modèle de croissance plus propre. Ce document présente des données tirées d’un questionnaire transnational concernant certains aspects de la conception des politiques environnementales en rapport avec la concurrence. Les informations ayant trait aux charges administratives associées aux systèmes de licences environnementales, au traitement différentiel des acteurs en place et des nouveaux entrants, ainsi qu’aux procédures suivies pour évaluer l’impact économique des politiques d’environnement sont résumées dans un ensemble d’indicateurs BEEP (Burden on the Economy due to Environmental Policies). L’examen de ces indicateurs permet de tirer une série de conclusions préliminaires. Premièrement, malgré la montée des préoccupations concernant les aspects anticoncurrentiels de la réglementation des marchés de produits, les problèmes analogues associés aux politiques environnementales n’ont pas retenu la même attention. Deuxièmement, les données disponibles sur la réglementation des marchés de produits en général montrent que les gains procurés par les réglementations respectueuses de la concurrence sont importants, et qu’il en est probablement de même pour les politiques environnementales. Enfin, il n’y a pas de lien entre les charges associées aux politiques de l’environnement et le degré de rigueur de ces politiques, de sorte qu’il est possible de poursuivre d’ambitieux objectifs environnementaux de façon plus (ou moins) favorable à la concurrence.

Suggested Citation

  • Tomasz Koźluk, 2014. "The Indicators of the Economic Burdens of Environmental Policy Design: Results from the OECD Questionnaire," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1178, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1178-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrjnbnbm8v-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Sylwia Bialek & Alfons J. Weichenrieder, 2021. "Do Stringent Environmental Policies Deter FDI? M&A versus Greenfield," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 80(3), pages 603-636, November.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    administrative burdens; barriers to entry; charges administratives; competition; concurrence; environmental policies; environmental regulations; obstacles à l'entrée; politiques environnementales; réglementation environnementale;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L50 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - General
    • L59 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Other
    • Q58 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Government Policy

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