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How to Improve Taxes and Transfers in Israel

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  • Philip Hemmings

    (OECD)

Abstract

Ensuring tax and transfer systems bring sufficient revenue to reach macroeconomic fiscal targets, address societal goals in re-distribution and social welfare, recognise the influence taxation has on businesses’ competitiveness and adequately address environmental externalities is a tough challenge, arguably more so in Israel than in many other OECD countries. High interest payments and large defence spending make deficit and debt reduction more difficult, socio-economic divides remain wide and as a small-open economy Israel is highly exposed to mobile international capital and competition over international investment. And, as elsewhere, the incorporation of environmental issues into the tax system remains only partial. This review examines ways forward for policy on several fronts: indirect taxation; household income tax and social benefits; taxes on property and wealth; business taxation; and evasion, avoidance and administration issues. This Working Paper relates to the 2013 OECD Economic Review of Israel (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-israel.htm). Comment améliorer le système de prélèvements et de prestations en Israël Les autorités doivent veiller à ce que le système de prélèvements et de prestations permette de dégager des recettes suffisantes pour réaliser les objectifs budgétaires retenus à l’échelle macroéconomique, d’atteindre les objectifs sociétaux visés en termes de redistribution et de protection sociale, de prendre en compte l’influence exercée par la fiscalité sur la compétitivité des entreprises, et de gérer de manière adéquate les externalités environnementales. L’ampleur de la tâche est redoutable, et elle l’est sans doute encore plus en Israël que dans de nombreux autres pays de l’OCDE. La lourdeur des charges d’intérêts et le volume des dépenses de défense rendent la réduction du déficit et de la dette plus difficile, les fractures socioéconomiques restent larges et, en tant que petite économie ouverte, Israël est fortement exposée aux effets de la mobilité des capitaux internationaux et à la concurrence que se livrent les pays pour attirer les investissements internationaux. En outre, comme ailleurs, l’intégration des questions environnementales dans le système d’imposition reste partielle. Nous examinons dans cette Étude les possibilités d’améliorer le cadre d’action publique sur plusieurs fronts : les impôts indirects, la fiscalité des revenus des ménages et le système de prestations sociales, les impôts sur la propriété immobilière et les autres formes de patrimoine, la fiscalité des entreprises, les problèmes de fraude et d’évasion fiscales, ainsi que les questions d’administration de l’impôt. Ce Document de travail se rapporte à l’Étude économique de l’OCDE d’Israël 2013 (www.oecd.org/fr/eco/etudes/israel-2013.htm).

Suggested Citation

  • Philip Hemmings, 2014. "How to Improve Taxes and Transfers in Israel," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1113, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1113-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz5j1t07vs0-en
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    administration fiscale; bien-être; company tax; environmental taxation; fiscalité des entreprises; fiscalité environnementale; fraude fiscale; Israel; Israël; pensions; pensions; subsidies; subventions; tax administration; tax avoidance; tax evasion; taxe; taxes; transfers; transferts; welfare; évasion fiscale;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • H26 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Tax Evasion and Avoidance
    • H53 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs

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