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Using Google data to understand governments’ approval in Latin America

Author

Listed:
  • Nathalia Montoya
  • Sebastián Nieto-Parra
  • René Orozco
  • Juan Vázquez Zamora

Abstract

This paper studies the potential drivers of governments’ approval rates in 18 Latin American countries using Internet search query data from Google Trends and traditional data sources. It employs monthly panel data between January 2006 and December 2015. The analysis tests several specifications including traditional explanatory variables of governments’ approval rates – i.e. inflation, unemployment rate, GDP growth, output gap – and subjective explanatory variables – e.g. perception of corruption and insecurity. For the latter, it uses Internet search query data to proxy citizens’ main social concerns, which are expected to drive governments’ approval rates. The results show that the perception of corruption and insecurity, and complaints about public services have a statistically significant association with governments’ approval rates. This paper also discusses the potential of Internet search query data as a tool for policy makers to understand better citizens’ perceptions, since it provides highly anonymous and high-frequency series in real-time. Ce document analyse les déterminants potentiels des taux d’approbation des gouvernements dans 18pays d’Amérique latine en utilisant les données de requête de recherche Internet de Google Trends et les sources de données traditionnelles. Il utilise des données de panel mensuelles entre janvier 2006 et décembre 2015. L’analyse teste plusieurs spécifications, y compris les variables explicatives traditionnelles d’approbation des gouvernements –i.e. inflation, taux de chômage, croissance du PIB, écart de production–et des variables explicatives subjectives (p.ex. Perception de la corruption et de l’insécurité). Pour ce dernier, les données des requêtes de recherche sur Internet sont utilisées pour cerner les principales préoccupations sociales des citoyens, qui sont les déterminants attendus des niveaux d’approbation des gouvernements. Les résultats montrent que la perception de la corruption et de l’insécurité ainsi que les plaintes concernant les services publics ont en effet une association statistiquement significative avec les taux d’approbation des gouvernements. Sources anonymes, les données des requêtes de recherche sur Internet mettent à disposition des gouvernements des séries haute fréquence en temps réel, utiles pour suivre l’impact dans le temps de l’élaboration des politiques sur la perception des citoyens.

Suggested Citation

  • Nathalia Montoya & Sebastián Nieto-Parra & René Orozco & Juan Vázquez Zamora, 2020. "Using Google data to understand governments’ approval in Latin America," OECD Development Centre Working Papers 343, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:devaaa:343-en
    DOI: 10.1787/89ed5e8f-en
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    big data; citizens’ perceptions; governments’ approval; Latin America; social contract;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D72 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Political Processes: Rent-seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
    • H11 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Structure and Scope of Government
    • O3 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights

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