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Mobility for All: Representative Intergenerational Mobility Estimates over the 20th Century

Author

Listed:
  • Elisa Jácome
  • Ilyana Kuziemko
  • Suresh Naidu

Abstract

We estimate long-run trends in intergenerational relative mobility for representative samples of the U.S.-born population. Harmonizing all surveys that include father's occupation and own family income, we develop a mobility measure that allows for the inclusion of non-whites and women for the 1910s–1970s birth cohorts. We show that mobility increases between the 1910s and 1940s cohorts and that the decline of Black-white income gaps explains about half of this rise. We also find that excluding Black Americans, particularly women, considerably overstates the level of mobility for twentieth-century birth cohorts while simultaneously understating its increase between the 1910s and 1940s.

Suggested Citation

  • Elisa Jácome & Ilyana Kuziemko & Suresh Naidu, 2021. "Mobility for All: Representative Intergenerational Mobility Estimates over the 20th Century," NBER Working Papers 29289, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:29289
    Note: CH DAE LS PE
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    Cited by:

    1. Santavirta, Torsten & Stuhler, Jan, 2024. "Name-Based Estimators of Intergenerational Mobility," IZA Discussion Papers 16725, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Ulrika Ahrsjo & Ren'e Karadakic & Joachim Kahr Rasmussen, 2023. "Intergenerational Mobility Trends and the Changing Role of Female Labor," Papers 2302.14440, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2023.
    3. Haeck, Catherine & Laliberté, Jean-William, 2023. "Careers and Intergenerational Income Mobility," IZA Discussion Papers 16273, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Luis Ángel Monroy-Gómez-Franco & Roberto Vélez Grajales & Gastón Yalonetzky, 2023. "Unequal Gradients: Sex, Skin Tone and Intergenerational Economic Mobility," Papers 2023_01, Centro de Estudios Espinosa Yglesias.
    5. Nancy Qian & Marco Tabellini, 2021. "Racial Discrimination and the Social Contract: Evidence from U.S. Army Enlistment during WWII," NBER Working Papers 29482, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Martha J. Bailey & Peter Z. Lin, 2024. "Marital Matching and Women’s Intergenerational Mobility in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century US," NBER Chapters, in: The Economic History of American Inequality: New Evidence and Perspectives, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • H0 - Public Economics - - General
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • N3 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy

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