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The Unpaid Care Work–Paid Work Connection

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  • Rania Antonopoulos

Abstract

In order to provide a coherent perspective of gender differences in the world of work, the many intersections of paid and unpaid work must be brought to light. It is well documented that gender-based wage differentials and occupational segregation continue to characterize the division of labor among men and women in paid work; yet unpaid work in social reproduction, subsistence production, family businesses, and the community is often ignored. When it is taken into account, it is usually done in a very limited manner, equating unpaid work with the traditional roles women play in raising children and performing maintenance chores. Beyond the obvious gender inequalities characterizing the latter, unpaid work constitutes an integral part of any functioning economy, and as such is linked to economic growth, government policy, migration, and many development issues. This paper concludes that the "world of work" cannot be treated in complete disregard to unpaid forms of labor, and gender equality must be understood through the lens of the paid–unpaid work continuum.

Suggested Citation

  • Rania Antonopoulos, 2008. "The Unpaid Care Work–Paid Work Connection," Economics Working Paper Archive wp_541, Levy Economics Institute.
  • Handle: RePEc:lev:wrkpap:wp_541
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    Cited by:

    1. Bianca Rochelle Parry & Errolyn Gordon, 2021. "The shadow pandemic: Inequitable gendered impacts of COVID‐19 in South Africa," Gender, Work and Organization, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(2), pages 795-806, March.
    2. Marina Della Giusta & Zella King, 2010. "Time Packages and Their Effect on Life Satisfaction," Economics Discussion Papers em-dp2010-03, Department of Economics, University of Reading.
    3. Selim Raihan & Sayema Haque Bidisha & Israt Jahan, 2017. "Unpacking unpaid labour in Bangladesh," The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Springer;The Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE), vol. 60(4), pages 571-587, December.
    4. Enrique Alaniz & T.H. Gindling & Catherine Mata & Diego Rojas, 2021. "Heterogeneous informality in Costa Rica and Nicaragua," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2021-50, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    5. Marina Della Giusta & Nigar Hashimzade & Sarah Jewell, 2011. "Why Care? Social Norms, Relative Income and the Supply of Unpaid Care," Economics Discussion Papers em-dp2011-03, Department of Economics, University of Reading.
    6. A. Amarender Reddy & Surabhi Mittal & Namrata Singha Roy & Sanghamitra Kanjilal-Bhaduri, 2021. "Time Allocation between Paid and Unpaid Work among Men and Women: An Empirical Study of Indian Villages," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-17, March.
    7. Indira Hirway, 2015. "Unpaid Work and the Economy: Linkages and Their Implications," Economics Working Paper Archive wp_838, Levy Economics Institute.
    8. repec:rdg:wpaper:em-dp2010-03 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Miroslava Knapková & Mariana Považanová, 2021. "(Un)Sustainability of the Time Devoted to Selected Housework—Evidence from Slovakia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-19, February.
    10. Pushpendra Singh & Falguni Pattanaik, 2020. "Unfolding unpaid domestic work in India: women’s constraints, choices, and career," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 6(1), pages 1-13, December.
    11. Stuart, Sheila, 2014. "Situation of unpaid work and gender in the Caribbean: The measurement of unpaid work through time-use studies," Studies and Perspectives – ECLAC Subregional Headquarters for The Caribbean 36619, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    12. Burca Kizilirmak & Emel Memis, 2019. "The Unequal Burden of Income Poverty on Time Use in South Africa," World Journal of Applied Economics, WERI-World Economic Research Institute, vol. 5(2), pages 31-51, December.
    13. Fatima Iqbal & Muhammad Bilal Ahmad & Rai Imtiaz Hussain & Sohail Aslam & Hafiz Fawad Ali, 2020. "Time Poverty among Working Females in Pakistan: A Qualitative Study," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 10(4), pages 170-175.
    14. Julia Smith, 2022. "From “nobody's clapping for us” to “bad moms”: COVID‐19 and the circle of childcare in Canada," Gender, Work and Organization, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(1), pages 353-367, January.

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