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Determinantes De Las Patentes Universitarias. El Caso De La Universidad Politécnica De Valencia

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  • Joaquín Mª Azagra Caro

    (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia)

Abstract

Universities have traditionally developed training and research functions. In the last decades they have adopted a third function: the transfer of their knowledge. The instruments employed have been varied: R&D contracts, assessments, technical reports and others like patent licensing, about which a special emphasis has been placed for some years. The surge of patents at developed country universities is justified because they represent a good source of increase and diversification of university funds. Until now the incipient literature on the topic has not created a specific model of the factors that affect the generation of university patents. In this work, departing from the recognition that a relation between them and the amount of R&D carried out by university departments exist, the fitness of the models of industrial patents has been tested in the context of universities. The application made on the available data of the Universidad Politécnica de Valencia produced as a result that, actually, count data econometric models are appropriate to model the mentioned relation. From the results obtained we can gather that current R&D exerts a greater influence on patents than past R&D, that the fields of knowledge more dependent on science present more technological opportunities and that the departments with more staff apply for a relatively lower number of patents. On the other hand, the disaggregation of R&D by source of funding allows us to observe that publicly funded research is the most important for the generation of patents, but that synergy exists with complementary funding by companies; the disaggregation of R&D by types of itself indicates, in turn, that the activities of technology transfer proper do not head to the application for patents. Las universidades han desempeñado tradicionalmente funciones de docencia e investigación. En las últimas décadas han adoptado una tercera función: la transferencia de su conocimiento. Los instrumentos utilizados han sido diversos: contratos de I+D, asesorías e informes técnicos y otros como la licencia de patentes, sobre la que se ha puesto un énfasis especial desde hace unos años. El auge de las patentes en las universidades de los países desarrollados se justifica porque suponen una buena fuente de aumento y diversificación de la financiación universitaria. Hasta ahora la incipiente literatura sobre el tema no ha creado un modelo específico de los factores que inciden en la generación de las patentes universitarias. En este trabajo, partiendo del reconocimiento de que existe una relación entre las mismas y el volumen de la I+D llevada a cabo por los departamentos universitarios, se ha ensayado la idoneidad de los modelos de patentes empresariales en el contexto de las universidades. La aplicación realizada sobre los datos disponibles de la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia da como resultado que, en efecto, los modelos econométricos de variables contables resultan adecuados para modelar la citada relación. De los resultados obtenidos se desprende que la I+D contemporánea ejerce una mayor influencia sobre las patentes que la I+D pasada, que las áreas de conocimiento más dependientes de la ciencia presentan mayores oportunidades tecnológicas y que los departamentos con más personal solicitan relativamente un menor número de patentes. Por otro lado, la desagregación de la I+D por origen de la financiación permite observar que la investigación financiada públicamente es la más importante de cara a la generación de patentes, pero que existe sinergia con la financiación complementaria de las empresas; la desagregación de la I+D por tipos de la misma indica, a su vez, que las actividades más propiamente de transferencia de tecnología no conducen a la solicitud de patent

Suggested Citation

  • Joaquín Mª Azagra Caro, 2001. "Determinantes De Las Patentes Universitarias. El Caso De La Universidad Politécnica De Valencia," Working Papers. Serie EC 2001-03, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas, S.A. (Ivie).
  • Handle: RePEc:ivi:wpasec:2001-03
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    File URL: http://www.ivie.es/downloads/docs/wpasec/wpasec-2001-03.pdf
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