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A Dinâmica do Mercado de Crédito no Brasil no Período Recente (2007-2015))

Author

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  • Giuliano Contento de Oliveira
  • Paulo José Whitaker Wolf

Abstract

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a dinâmica do mercado de crédito no Brasil entre 2007 e 2015, por meio da análise de dados e indicadores selecionados. O interregno considerado nesse trabalho constituiu um período de importantes transformações no mercado de crédito no Brasil. Enquanto a expansão do crédito até o aprofundamento da crise internacional em 2008 foi liderada pelos bancos privados, depois disso os bancos públicos capitanearam esse processo, os quais aumentaram de forma representativa sua participação no mercado de crédito. Não obstante, a partir de meados de 2013 o saldo das operações de crédito com recursos livres, tanto para as pessoas físicas como, sobretudo, para as empresas, passou a registrar progressiva desaceleração, diante da expectativa de retração econômica que foi se tornando cada vez mais forte e da subsequente redução da demanda por crédito. Com o aprofundamento da crise brasileira a partir de 2015, o saldo total das operações de crédito no Brasil passou a registrar retração real. As evidências apontam, pois, que a continuidade da expansão dessas operações e, mais que isso, sua viabilização em condições mais adequadas em termos de volume, prazos e custos, requer condições não apenas microeconômicas adequadas, mas também de condições macroeconômicas apropriadas, dado que sua ausência aumenta o risco de fragilização das instituições públicas, de um lado, bem como de inviabilização de um mercado de crédito profundo, dinâmico e competitivo na economia brasileira, de outro lado. The purpose of this paper is to present the dynamics of the credit market in Brazil be-tween 2007 and 2015, through the analysis of selected data and indicators. The interregnum considered in this paper comprises a period of important changes in the credit market in Brazil. While the expansion of credit until the deepening of the international crisis in 2008 was led by private banks, after the crisis it was the public banks that led this process, increasing considerably their participation in the credit market. However, from mid-2013 the balance of credit operations with free resources, both for individuals and, above all, for companies, started to show a gradual deceleration in the context of an economic downturn that became increasingly strong and the subsequent decrease in the demand for credit. With the deepening of the Brazilian crisis since 2015, the total balance of credit operations in Brazil began to show a real downturn. The evidences suggest that the continued expansion of these operations and, more than that, their development in more appropriate conditions in terms of volume, time and costs, requires not only appropriate microeconomic conditions, but also appropriate macroeconomic conditions, since their absence increases the risk of weakening public institutions, on the one hand, as well as hampers the constitution of a deep, dynamic and competitive credit market in the Brazilian economy, on the other hand.

Suggested Citation

  • Giuliano Contento de Oliveira & Paulo José Whitaker Wolf, 2016. "A Dinâmica do Mercado de Crédito no Brasil no Período Recente (2007-2015))," Discussion Papers 2243, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:2243
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