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Dilemas do Trabalho: Sindicatos no Brasil Hoje

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  • André Gambier Campos

Abstract

Nos anos 1990, por conta dos eventos ocorridos na economia brasileira, a associação de trabalhadores a sindicatos enfrentou uma crise expressiva. As bases sindicais contraíram-se e, ao mesmo tempo, tornaram-se mais rarefeitas. Contudo, nos 2000, apesar de a economia ter colaborado bastante, ao menos em seu âmbito macro, a associação dos trabalhadores aos sindicatos não avançou – ao menos, não como poderia ter avançado. Com efeito, os anos 2000 registraram um descolamento entre as dinâmicas laboral e sindical. Por um lado, a primeira avançou por meio da criação de milhões de novos empregos, na esteira dos eventos ocorridos na economia. Por outro lado, a segunda não avançou – ou, ao menos, não tanto quanto –, pois os sindicatos alcançaram apenas uma fração dos ocupantes destes novos empregos. Ou seja, as bases sindicais se ampliaram, mas raramente se adensaram. O que poderia estar por trás deste descompasso entre as dinâmicas laboral e sindical nos anos 2000? O que poderia explicar a rarefação das bases, apesar de sua ampliação concomitante? Neste texto, pretende-se levantar algumas hipóteses, situadas em três campos de discussão – o da economia, o da demografia/sociedade e o da política. In the 1990s, due to the events in Brazilian economy, workers’ unions faced a significant crisis. The union’s bases contracted and, at the same time, became more rarefied. However, in 2000, despite the good shape of the economy (at least in its macro context), workers’ affiliation to the unions did not advance (at least, not as it might have advanced). Indeed, the 2000s showed a gap between the labour and union dynamics. On the one hand, the first advanced through the creation of millions of new jobs, in the wake of events in Brazilian economy. On the other hand, the second did not advance (or, at least, not as much), because unions reached only a fraction of the occupants of those new jobs. In short, union’s bases widened, but rarely thickened. What were the reasons behind this discrepancy between the labour and union dynamics in the 2000s? What could explain the lack of density of union’s bases, despite their concomitant expansion? In this article, the objective is to raise some hypotheses, situated in three fields of discussion (the field of the economy, of the demographics/society and of the politics).

Suggested Citation

  • André Gambier Campos, 2014. "Dilemas do Trabalho: Sindicatos no Brasil Hoje," Discussion Papers 1959, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1959
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