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Valores e Estrutura Social no Brasil

Author

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  • Felix Garcia Lopez
  • Fabio de Sá e Silva

Abstract

Este trabalho analisa a relação entre estrutura social e valores da sociedade brasileira com base em dados coletados, em novembro de 2012, por meio de amostra nacional composta por 3.772 pessoas. Além de examinar o efeito de variáveis tradicionais – como renda e escolaridade –, o plano de análise incorporou informações relativas a sexo, raça/etnia, idade, região e filiação religiosa e suas possíveis relações com questões sobre adesão à democracia, aceitação da diversidade, igualdade de gênero, desigualdade entre outros. Os resultados indicam que o quadro de preferências dominantes é repleto de ambivalências. Mesmo sem apresentarem sentido homogêneo em diferentes blocos de questões, escolaridade e idade emergem como principais variáveis a explicar as diferenças substantivas nas respostas aos diferentes temas. A juventude, em particular, apresenta níveis de adesão a princípios e valores democráticos mais vigorosos que as demais faixas etárias. Quase nenhuma das clivagens é explicada pela renda, o que sugere a inexistência de uma “nova classe média” com valores diferenciados, se tomadas as “classes de renda” como parâmetro desta definição. This paper addresses the relationship between social structure and social values in the Brazilian society in light of survey data from a national sample of 3,772 respondents. In addition to examining traditional variables – such as income and education –, the analysis incorporated information on variables such as sex, race/ethnicity, age, geographic region, and religious affiliation. The survey questions dealt with issues such as adherence to democracy, acceptance of diversity, gender equality, reasons for inequality, and others. The results were ambivalent. While presenting different degrees of effect according to the questions and issues, education and age emerged as key variables to explain the substantive differences in the responses. The youth, in particular, presents levels of adherence to democratic principles and values that are higher than others. Interestingly, none of the differences is explained by income, which suggests the lack of a “new middle class” holding different values when one assumes that ranges of income are the main indicators of “social classes”, as it has become a commonplace in contemporary debates..

Suggested Citation

  • Felix Garcia Lopez & Fabio de Sá e Silva, 2014. "Valores e Estrutura Social no Brasil," Discussion Papers 1946, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1946
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