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Estatuto do Idoso: Avanços com Contradições

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  • Ana Amélia Camarano

Abstract

O artigo discute avanços e contradições de algumas ações propostas pelo Estatuto do Idoso, considerando que, em 2013, este completará dez anos. Tem como objetivo principal regular os direitos das pessoas idosas em múltiplas esferas e dimensões. Apresenta em uma única e ampla peça legal muitas das leis e políticas previamente aprovadas. Incorpora novos elementos e enfoques, dando um tratamento integral ao estabelecimento de medidas que visam proporcionar o bem-estar dos idosos, com uma visão de longo prazo. A essência do Estatuto está nas normas gerais que dispõem sobre a “proteção integral” aos idosos. Afirma que estes gozam de todos os direitos inerentes à pessoa humana e que o envelhecimento é um direito personalíssimo e a sua proteção, um direito social. Os principais direitos estabelecidos são: direito à vida, à proteção, à saúde, ao trabalho, à previdência social, à educação, à cultura, ao lazer, à moradia e ao voto. Muito embora as leis aprovadas no estatuto signifiquem grandes avanços no sentido de políticas sociais de inclusão dos idosos, não foram estabelecidas prioridades para a sua implementação nem fontes para o seu financiamento. Por isso, os custos de algumas das medidas propostas estão sendo divididos com a sociedade, o que pode ameaçar a solidariedade intergeracional. Sugerem-se algumas mudanças no Estatuto do Idoso visando adequá-lo à nova realidade demográfica e social, tendo como parâmetro o princípio básico do Plano de Madri. Dentre elas, citam-se: a mudança no limite inferior da idade que define a população idosa de 60 para 65 anos; o estabelecimento de fontes de financiamento para cada medida proposta; medidas que ajudem a família a cuidar do idoso dependente, tanto no domicílio quanto no hospital; e a inclusão nos serviços de saúde de ações que possam promover uma morte digna para aqueles que se encontram acometidos por uma doença terminal. This article discusses advances and contradictions of some proposed actions by Elder’s Bill of Rights. This Bill was approved in 2003. Its main objective is to regulate the rights of older people in multiple spheres and dimensions. It gathers in a single document many of the bills and policies previously passed. It incorporates new elements, looking to establish measures to provide the welfare of the elderly in the long run. The essence of the Bill is the general rules which provide for the ‘full protection’for the elderly. It sets that they should have all the rights inherent to the human beings and that aging is a highly personal right and their protection a social right. The main established rights are: the right to life, protection, health, labor, social security, social assistance, education, culture, leisure, housing and voting. Although the actions proposed mean great advances towards social inclusion of the elderly, it has not been established priorities for their implementation and nor sources for their founding. Therefore, the costs of some of the proposed measures are being shared with the society, which could threaten intergenerational solidarity. It is suggested some changes in the Bill in order to adapt it to demographic and social changes, having as parameter the basic principle of the Madrid Plan. They are: changes in the lower limit of the age that defines elderly population, from 60 to 65 years, the establishment of funding sources for each proposed action, help for families to take care of the dependent elderly, both at home and in the hospital. It also considers the need of the health services to offer actions that can promote a dignified death for those who are suffering from a terminal illness.

Suggested Citation

  • Ana Amélia Camarano, 2013. "Estatuto do Idoso: Avanços com Contradições," Discussion Papers 1840, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1840
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