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Acordos Bilaterais de Comércio Entre as Economias do BRICS: Uma Abordagem de Equilíbrio Geral

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  • Lucas P. do C.Ferraz

Abstract

Este trabalho contrasta diferentes acordos bilaterais de comércio envolvendo o Brasil e cada uma das demais economias que compõem o BRICS: China, Índia, Rússia e África do Sul. Cenários de liberalização bilateral são simulados supondo uma estrutura de mercado em concorrência perfeita, utilizando-se o modelo de equilíbrio geral computável GTAP (Global Trade Analysis Project). Impactos alocativos são descritos para a economia brasileira como uma forma de prever os mais relevantes efeitos de curto prazo em nível macro e microeconômico. São apontados os vencedores e perdedores para 57 setores da economia brasileira, sob cada cenário alternativo simulado. A emergência da China como um parceiro comercial importante é confirmada pelos resultados das simulações. Os termos de troca da economia brasileira são significativamente alterados no caso de acordos bilaterais envolvendo Brasil e Índia, assim como Brasil e Rússia, apesar dos baixos níveis de comércio bilateral verificados na atualidade. Efeitos realocativos são mais modestos no caso de um acordo bilateral envolvendo Brasil e África do Sul. This paper contrasts alternative preferential trade arrangements involving Brazil and each of the remaining Brics economies: China, India, Russia and South Africa. Bilateral trade liberalization scenarios are simulated under a perfect competition market structure, using the GTAP general equilibrium framework. Traditional allocative effects are described for the Brazilian economy, as a way to foresee the most relevant first round domestic effects at the macro and micro level. Winners and losers are traced out for 56 sectors in the Brazilian economy, under each alternative simulation scenario. The emergence of China as a significant trade pattern is confirmed in the simulation results. Competitive effects are also significant in the case of a preferential trade agreement involving Brazil and India as well as Brazil and Russia, despite current low levels of bilateral trade. More modest first round effects are obtained in the case of a PTA involving Brazil and South Africa.

Suggested Citation

  • Lucas P. do C.Ferraz, 2013. "Acordos Bilaterais de Comércio Entre as Economias do BRICS: Uma Abordagem de Equilíbrio Geral," Discussion Papers 1831, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1831
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